Writing not with verbs. How to write the particle “not” with verbs: rules and exceptions The particle NOT with verbs is written separately

Equipment: multimedia projector, computer, textbooks: T.A. Ladyzhenskaya, M.T. Baranov Russian language 5th grade. – M. “Enlightenment”, 2010.

During the classes

Hello guys. Today's lesson, like our other lessons, we will start with smiling at each other.

The Great All-Znamus has entrusted us with a very important task. Guys, today we have a difficult and dangerous journey ahead of us across the sea of ​​knowledge for the treasure that was hidden by evil pirates on the island of Morphology, in the country of Verb (slide No. 1. Presentation).

And here is your first task.

I. Survey (checking homework: everything about the verb that was studied earlier).

Task No. 1: guys, to get on the ship, we need tickets, but these are not easy tickets, look at them.

Please fill out your tickets. Place pluses in the “Knew” column next to those questions to which you know the answers. Only after this can we set sail. If you have 8 or more “+”, put 1b.

And so, guys, we hit the road. Let's open our logbooks - notebooks and write down today's date.

And now there is an obstacle in our way. Omnismous left us valuable instructions, and the evil pirates mixed up all the parts of speech. All parts of speech were found, but the verb cannot cope without your help. Help him.

Task No. 2: Write down verbs from the text you read and in pairs determine their characteristics. That's right - 2b.

Text: Once we went on a tourist package to the south. We had never been to the south before. Each time we saw a lot of interesting things. We were taken on excursions. We admired the wonderful mountain peaks and listened to the continuous sound of the sea. These mountains did not leave a single person indifferent, and the sea, they say, does not like cowardly people. In addition, it does not tolerate proud people (check on slide 2).

Well done! You have correctly written down the verbs and identified their characteristics. Tell me again, please, how do we distinguish a verb from other parts of speech? (Draw a conclusion). Now look carefully at these words. Think about how they can be divided into groups. What is that word next to the verb? Right! This is the negative particle NOT. Maybe you can tell me the topic of our lesson today? Let's write it down in our logbooks.

II. Learning a new topic

So we swam to the island. But in order to go to this island we need to complete the most difficult task of Vseznamus - remember how the verb is written with the particle NOT.

Task No. 3:

Open your textbooks to p. 242, look at the task under the asterisk (Read. How to write highlighted verbs with the particle NOT)

He is honest and fearless
On land and in water
Comrade and friend
Won't give up he's in trouble.
He nests doesn't ruin,
I do not smoke And he's not lying,
Doesn't hang on the steps,
Alien doesn't take.

What did you notice? That's right, NOT is written separately with verbs.

Rule for writing NOT with a verb:

If you haven't learned it, don't do it
If you don't know, don't rush.
With verbs separately
DO NOT write the particle.

III. Consolidation of new material.

Task No. 4: using the rule, explain the spelling NOT with verbs. Children in a chain (first the strong students come out, then the weaker ones) go to the board, explaining the spelling.

(Not) be, (not) walk, (not) sleep, (not) write, (not) speak, (not) grieve, (not) love, (not) catch up, (not) think, (not) teach, (not) buy, (not) dream, (not) fly, (not) wave, (not) joke, (not) be afraid. For each correct answer - 1b.

What rule do we use when writing particles NOT with verbs? (Conclusion)

Now put your hands down and rest a little, I’ll tell you the fairy tale “The Power of Love.” Once upon a time in the country Morphology Verb and particle NOT. The Verb loved NOT very much and wanted to marry her, but the wayward particle kept jumping off from the Verb and was written separately from it. Verb's grief knew no bounds. Then the particle told him: “If you prove to me that you cannot live without me, I will become your wife.” The Verb went to dictionaries and textbooks, and when it returned, the proud particle shouted: “I am indignant, I hate, I am perplexed.” And she gasped in surprise. So the Verb proved his love to her. He found words that cannot be used without NOT. Since then, words that are not used without NOT are written together with this particle.

Task No. 5: Guys, let’s help the Verb and also find words that cannot be used without NOT. Let's do the exercise. 613. Let's analyze the task: replace the highlighted words and phrases with verbs that are written with NOT together.

1. He was indignant. 2. You can't coerce. 3. Brother was surprised. 4. I don't feel very good. 5. Storm raged.

Words for reference (to be indignant, to be indignant, to be unwell, to be perplexed, to rage) are given in the textbook on page 243. Check - slide 3. Everything is correct - 2b.

What rule did we use when performing this exercise? (Conclusion)

Physical exercise. Floats (Imagine a float that swings on the waves. Spread your arms. The arms also swing on the waves. Suddenly a fish is caught on a hook. The float is up, down (jumping). They pulled out the fish. Sit down.).

Task No. 6: Selective dictation. Divide the verbs into 2 groups (jointly/separately). Peer review - slide 4

I wasn’t in the sanatorium, I hated the lie, I was perplexed about the action, I couldn’t leave, I don’t like lazy people, I didn’t like my stepdaughter, I wasn’t feeling well, I wasn’t saying hello, the captain was indignant, the hurricane was raging.

That's right - 2b.

Guys, how do we write the particle NOT with verbs? (Conclusion)

Task No. 7: performed according to options. 3b

Option 2. Explain the meaning of proverbs and spelling NOT with verbs

1. The word is not a sparrow; if it flies out, you won’t catch it.

2. If there is no bread, there will be no lunch.

3. If you don’t oil the wheels, you won’t go fast.

4. If you don’t sow, you won’t reap the harvest.

5. The lazy person is still sick and unwell

Option 1. Describe the nature outside the window, making up a story of 5-6 sentences. Bring the picture to life using verbs. Slide 5

IV. Summarizing.

Guys, what spelling did we remember in class today? What rule do we use when writing NOT with verbs?

What kind of treasure do you think Vseznamus sent us for? That's right, for knowledge. To return home, we need to check our tickets. Fill them all the way.

Guys, draw on your tickets the sun that accompanied us along the way, decorate the sun’s face with your mood. What will be your reward? Your ratings. We open the diaries and give grades (10-11 “5”, 9-8 “4”, less than “3”), write down homework.

V. Homework: par. 108 (write the rule in a notebook for rules, write the words in the frame in a dictionary), ex. 616 (look at the task). For those who want to earn extra credit, I suggest that you remember, find, or come up with riddles yourself where verbs with NOT appear.

1. Denial Not with verbs (in personal form, in infinitive, in gerund form) is written separately, for example: Not take, Not was, Not knowing Not in a hurry.

Note 1. Are written together with Not verbs that are without Not are not used, for example: Not year old Not hate Not harass, Not wonder Not spice up Not see the light Not love your stepdaughter; something today Not says hello(the verb hello is obsolete and colloquial and is rarely used: How are you feeling? Not good is healthy); but according to the general rule: not good.

Note 2. Verb grab in any meaning is written separately from Not, For example:
1) The puppy has grown up and more lacks the owner for his trousers;
2) In the book lacks several pages.
Separate spelling varies don't bother in meaning "not to reach" and continuous writing lack in meaning “to be in insufficient quantity”, “to be needed”, For example:
1) not enough hand to the window;
2) at the register missing two rubles; missing patience; just this was missing.

Note 3. Particle Not in complex prepositions despite And regardless of, as well as unions despite the fact that, despite the fact that written together. It is necessary to distinguish the participle depending combined with a particle Not, which is written separately, for example: Answer the question despite in the textbook.

2. Verbs with a compound prefix are written together under-, giving the verb the meaning of incompleteness, lack of action (this prefix is ​​often antonymous in meaning to the prefix re-; compare: under execute - re execute, under salt - re salt). For example: under take notebooks, under boil potatoes, under return the nut under weigh oils, under load the wagon, under evaluate your capabilities, under receive part of the goods, under eat, under sprinkle, under look, under hear, under take account. The same applies to derivatives, for example: under Sol, under look, under weight.

Note. It is necessary to distinguish between verbs with the prefix under-, denoting that the action was performed below the norm, and verbs consonant with them with the prefix before-, preceded by negation Not and which indicate, in combination with a particle, that the action has not been completed. Wed: overlook for the child(allow an omission during supervision) - don't finish watching performance to the end(do not finish watching); permanently unemployed malnourished- children often didn't finish eating your soup at lunch; Always underpaid- never didn't pay extra.

Wed. also separate writing based on the general rule: can't reach to the finish line don't let it happen to end, don't finish letters, something not finished, to nothing didn't agree; By citing these facts, the newspaper didn't finish telling.

Countries are not able to learn all the subtleties and features of spelling, pronunciation and orthography. But everyone must know the simplest rules that are included in the school curriculum. This article will talk about how to write “not” with verbs. As you know, repetition is the mother of learning, especially in those cases when, after graduating from school, more than one five-year period has passed, and only a small part of what was once taught remains in the head.

“Not” refers to the auxiliary parts of speech and is used in a sentence to give a negative meaning to a word. As a rule, it is used together with a verb. How the particle “not” is written with verbs will be discussed further.

At school, this topic begins to be studied in the third grade, and with each new school year, the basic rule about the particle “not” and verbs is supplemented with exceptions and subtleties.

When "not" is written separately from the verb

The basic rule about writing the negative particle “not” with verbs is that they should always be written separately. In this case, it does not matter at all whether the initial form (infinitive) or the verb has a declension and tense.

For example: not enough salt; does not give rest; didn't get it; I couldn't.

The same rule applies to those verbs that exist as participles.

For example: despite; without seeing.

When “not” is written together with a verb

The negative particle “not” is written together with verbs only as an exception. This is the rule, but there are a lot of them, and you just have to remember them. In principle, the continuous spelling depends on the meaning of the word with a negative particle.

As an example, consider the infinitive “to get”:

• when denoting a physical action, the negative form with the particle “not” is written separately: Can't reach the shelf with your hand;
• with a semantic meaning expressing a deficiency, the particle “not” will be an integral part: lacking skill.

There is usually some confusion with the word “look”. However, you should remember: if the meaning “without looking” is put into a verb, then it and “not” are written separately.

For example: criticize regardless of face.

If you put the meaning “in spite of” into a word, then the negative particle must be written together.

For example: live despite difficulties.

Exception verbs

Exceptions to the basic rule also include Russian verbs that, without the particle “not,” have no meaning or lose their meaning and are not used in speech as an independent unit.

For example: to be indignant, to dislike, to hate, to be unkind, to force, to be perplexed.

To prevent such words from being confused with other forms, they need to be checked by trying to create an affirmative form from a negative one. If one is not formed, then the word can be classified as an exception and write “not” with the verbs together.

As a rule, children in the third grade are given a whole series of exception words that simply need to be memorized, and only in high school are students taught to find test forms of verbs to determine the correct spelling.

Verbs with the prefix "under-"

As already mentioned, verb forms do not at all affect the separate and combined spelling of the particle “not”. But with the prefix " under-" There are some difficulties, because it can be confused with the particle “not” standing next to the preposition “before”. In such cases, in order to dispel doubts about the spelling, it is necessary to contrast the prefixes “under-” and “over-”.

For example: underfill - overfill, underread - overread.

As you can see, the declension and form of the verb play a significant role here.

To summarize, we can say that before you write a word, you should think about its meaning. Then, by remembering the spelling rule in each individual case, a lot of spelling errors will be avoided.

1. Denial Not with verbs (in the personal form, in the infinitive, in the form of the gerund) is written separately, for example: not to take, was not, not knowing, not in a hurry.

Note 1. Written together with Not verbs that are without Not are not used, for example: to be indignant, to hate, to be unwell, to be perplexed, to be unkind, to not see the light, to dislike one’s stepdaughter; something is not healthy today (the verb is healthy is outdated and colloquial and is rarely used: How are you feeling? Not feeling very good); but in accordance with the general rule: it won’t be good.

Note 2. The verb to grab in any meaning is written separately from Not, For example:

• 1) The puppy has grown up and no longer grabs the owner’s pants;
• 2) The book is missing several pages.

There is a difference between the separate spelling not to reach in the meaning of “not to reach” and the combined spelling to lack in the meaning of “to be in insufficient quantity”, “to be needed”, for example:

• 1) your hand cannot reach the window;
• 2) the cash register is missing two rubles; lacks patience; that was all that was missing.

Note 3. Particle Not in complex prepositions despite And regardless of, as well as unions despite the fact that, despite the fact that which is written together. It is necessary to distinguish the participle depending combined with a particle Not, which is written separately, for example: Answer the question without looking at the textbook.

2. Verbs with a compound prefix are written together under-, giving the verb the meaning of incompleteness, lack of action (this prefix is ​​often antonymous in meaning to the prefix re-; Wed: underfulfill - overfulfill, undersalt - oversalt). For example: not getting enough notebooks, not enough cooking potatoes, not turning a nut enough, not weighing enough butter, not loading the carriage enough, underestimating your capabilities, not receiving part of the goods, not eating enough, not getting enough sleep, not seeing enough, not hearing enough, not counting enough. The same applies to derivatives, for example: undersalting, oversight, underweight.

Note. It is necessary to distinguish between verbs with the prefix under-, indicating that the action was performed below the norm, and verbs consonant with them with the prefix before- preceded by a negation Not and which indicate, in combination with a particle, that the action has not been completed. Wed: fail to look after a child (to make an omission during supervision) - not to watch the performance to the end (not to finish watching); the unemployed were constantly malnourished - children often did not finish their soup at lunch; always underpaid - never overpaid.

Wed. also separate writing based on the general rule: do not reach the finish line, do not finish, do not finish the letter, do not finish something, did not reach anything; In citing these facts, the newspaper did not say much.

Not with verbs

Lesson type:lesson explaining new material.

Educational purpose lesson: update students' knowledge of writing Not

with verbs, introduce exception verbs;

develop the ability to apply writing rules Not with verbs and indicate spelling.

Educational purpose lesson: cultivate a love for the Russian language.

Developmental goal lesson: develop the ability to remember, analyze, generalize.

During the classes.

1. Checking homework .

Remember the definition of a verb.

Give examples of composed sentences with verbs from home exercise 608. Indicate the person and number of the verbs. What time did you use them?

2 . Communicate the purpose of the lesson.

- Read the epigraph to our lesson on the board - a quatrain

From a poem by O. Vysotskaya:

Not and neither - we have particles.

We need to repeat them.

And don’t be lazy

And don't waste an hour.

What did the poem remind you of?

How to spell a particle Not with verbs? Give examples.

Announce the topic of our lesson yourself.

Message lesson objectives teacher: during the lesson you should be able to find and mark the spelling and write the negative particle correctly Not with verbs.

3. Explanation of new material.

Read the rule in the textbook on p.242. Compare with your answers.

What new did you learn? ( Continuous writing not with verbs.)

Under what condition is it written together without verbs? ( The word without is not used.)

How is the spelling indicated?

Let's write the rule in the form of a diagram in the reference book. Give examples of continuous and separate writing not with verbs, write them.

4. Consolidation of what has been learned.

1. Explanatory dictation.

Without letters and grammar one cannot learn mathematics.

If you don't suffer, you won't learn.

A rolling stone gathers no moss.

Friends are loved, but enemies are hated.

You can invite, but you can’t force.

What do proverbs teach?

2. Match the verbs with the same root to the nouns given on the board. Explain the lexical meaning of verbs.

Bondage -

Hatred -

Indignation -

Confusion -

Fury -

Make a conclusion about writing not with nouns and verbs. Why are they written together in this case?

3. Miniature essay on the topic “Take care of books” with verbs: don’t write, don’t tear out, don’t get dirty, don’t forget.

Reading by students 1-2 miniatures.

1. Work with text.

Read the sentences on the board.

The horse was black. He had a narrow, beautiful head, and on his forehead was a white star. The neck was straight, long, and flexible. The legs were strong and slender.

Can these sentences be called text? Name the features of the text.
- How can you title it?

Determine the style and type of speech? ( Art style. Description.)

Did you like the text?

What mistake did the student make? ( Repeat words was, was, were.)

Eliminate unnecessary repetition of words. What's the best way to do this? ( Remove repeated words.)

Black horse. He has a narrow, beautiful head, and a white star on his forehead. The neck is straight, long, flexible. Legs are strong and slender.

Remember to eliminate repetition in your writing.

5. Summing up the lesson.

- What new did you learn in the lesson?

Student reading miniatures “The Power of Love”, demonstration of drawings illustrating the rule.

A proud and stubborn piece Not loved the noble verb. This love was difficult and sad. The verb said: “I love.” The particle answered: “I don’t like it.” He admitted: “I believe.” And she said to him: “I don’t believe it.” Particle Not never came close to the Verb and was written only separately from it. But the Verb was constant in its feelings.

One day Not says: “I will reciprocate your feelings if you prove that you cannot live without me.” The Verb sighed sadly and went to wander through dictionaries and textbooks. When he returned to his beloved, she, as usual, jumped away from him shouting: “I’m indignant! I hate it! And suddenly she froze in surprise: this time the Verb remained nearby. So he proved that in some cases he really couldn’t live without her.

6. Optional homework:

Execute exercise 613

or

make your own miniature about a particle and a verb