Cursed with eternal life. Alternative medicine. The worst punishment
I live next to the morgue. Well, I'm out of luck, who argues. I often see buses carrying coffins with the deceased and their inconsolable relatives to the crematorium. Chunya, my dog, loves to bark at them. From the balcony.
This sets you in a philosophical mood. Therefore, I often stand at the window, reflecting on the futility of all that exists, and am very envious of the jellyfish. There is one such, potentially immortal. Her name is Turritopsis nutricula.
All other jellyfish are like us. They swayed in salt water, blotted out with a transparent body, devoured, multiplied - that's all. To the forefathers. Turritopsis nutricula after all these listed scientific actions (flapping, waving and reproduction) it returns to the juvenile stage - thus brazenly avoiding death.
But this is not the end! The most outrageous thing is that this whole cycle Turritopsis nutricula can repeat, as scientists say, endlessly. Thus becoming potentially immortal. Which, in turn, as you understand, greatly upsets me. I might also want to be flexible and dandruff-free all the time. But no.
By the way, the fear of old age is generally one of the main torments of humanity. On this, as you know, a good half of Russian fairy tales are built. Tsar Ivanushka sent for rejuvenating apples, another Tsar ordered - at the instigation shamakhan queen- to put three cauldrons in the state courtyard: one with ice water, another with boiling water, the third with milk - and it was boiled alive.
I don’t know how it is with the kings, but for us this is a problem of paramount importance. The point is that we have stopped growing up. Even in the most violent games (such as war and mutual hatred), we behave like children. And even more so in everything else.
It is indecent to grow old. It's shameful to grow old. It is not profitable to grow old. This is what the world around us tells us. And this is stupid on his part. After all, old age is the pinnacle of life. Your personal Everest. You are no longer young, you are not looking for love, you suddenly realize that there are more important things on earth. And you just sit with a stick at the entrance and call everyone prostitutes.
Before how? Used to live aksakal, walked in his lamb hat, ate a lamb, taught young people, drank wine, passed, so to speak, laws and traditions. And he lived up to his last old age with his quiet sap. Because there were the same rams, the same hats and the same wine nearby and for many years to come.
We will not live to old age, but to decrepitude. Because the world has finally gone crazy and is renewing faster than we can understand and assimilate.
We can say: “I’m tired of living,” “I have no reason to live anymore,” “I don’t know how to continue living,” but we cannot say “I lived for a long time”. Because we don't have this feeling.
We have only this predatory beast of our protracted youth, devouring everything in its path. He will come, sniff us, grimace, but even he, the all-devouring one, will no longer have us. And then on his heels - like a scavenger to the smell of a corpse - another predator will come to our non-maturation. This scavenger is called hope.
... There is an American expression: one bus leaves, another will come. Like don't be discouraged.
One love is over, wait - another will come. Lost my job, don't worry - something will turn up. The gift has disappeared - you will find something else to your liking.
The feeling that you are still young knocks your optics down. Doesn't let you become wise. In this sense, I like the categorical nature of my cruel dog. She was recently sterilized (there was a suspicion that something was wrong with her women's affairs, they were afraid of potential oncology), so she lay under anesthesia for half a day, wrote herself several times, then got okay, began to run, scandal again, shouting from the balcony at people and dogs, and it seems that her character deteriorated even more.
Sometimes, when I get mad, I get alarmed, having seen enough of the bustle of the morgue out the window, I open the window, shake my last curls and say, this way, with hope, with an optimistic hoarseness:
- Well nothing! One bus left, another will come!
- Uh-huh, - Chunya will answer from somewhere below. - Funeral.
And it immediately becomes easy for me.
Curse with eternal life
Jehovah was already dumbfounded by such sheer sedition and, having lost his composure, angrily uttered:
And now you are cursed from the earth! When you cultivate it, it will no longer give its strength to you. You will be an exile and a wanderer on earth.
Existing! Your punishment is greater than a person can bear. I will hide from your face and will be an exile and a wanderer on earth, and everyone who meets me will kill me.
Anyone who kills Cain will be avenged sevenfold. Do not be scared!
This is how the Lord God punished Cain with Eternal Life! Please note that later the servants of God will promise eternal life as a great blessing ... Well, and you would like to live forever, outlive your children and grandchildren, bury them, and then see great-grandchildren and great-great-grandchildren who are completely alien to you and live in someone else's, completely unfamiliar society?
And Cain departed from the presence of the Lord and dwelt in the land of Nod, east of Eden. And he began to live there. And Cain knew his wife, and she conceived and bore him a son, Enoch ...
Ba-ba-ba! Know your wife? What kind of wife? Where did he find her? After all, our Jehovah created only two people: first Adam from the dust of the earth, and then Eve from the Eon rib ... Where did this Beautiful Stranger come from? However, why are these stupid questions “Where from? Where?" From a camel!
Cain was brought by his nameless wife numerous offspring ...
And Adam, out of grief from the loss of both sons, once again got to know Eve, his wife, and at that time they were not much, not little, but eight hundred years. Eve gave birth to a son, and she named him Seth, which means "given," because, she said, God gave me another seed instead of Abel, whom Cain killed. And in total, Adam lived for nine hundred and thirty years ... Do not believe me? As you wish: for what I bought, for what I sell.
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The legend of Agasphera, the Eternal Jew cursed by Christ, has been stirring the minds for over two thousand years. Many famous writers and poets drew inspiration from this ancient legend. Among them are Goethe, Borges and even our compatriot, the romantic poet Zhukovsky. However, few people know that Agasfer is not the only name of the Eternal Jew, and the legend itself has several variations.The Legend of the Eternal Jew belongs to the apocryphal legends, that is, those that are not included in the set of sacred texts that make up the modern Bible. For the first time this legend was recorded in the XIII century from the words of the English monk Roger Wendversky and entered the "Big Chronicle" by Matthew of Paris.
This is what this legend says. At the same time / when Jesus Christ preached in Jerusalem and was condemned to death, a certain shoemaker named Ahaspher lived in the city. He was rich enough, had his own house and land. During his journey of the cross, the Savior asked the shoemaker to give him a rest near the house belonging to him. Hagasfer refused to Christ in this, thereby insulting him. For this, the Savior cursed the shoemaker, ordering him to wander the earth forever and not know anywhere either shelter or peace. And it will last until the time comes The last judgment and the Savior will not return again.
However, this legend has another option. According to him, Ahasfer not only refused Christ to rest near his house, but threw a stone at him and wounded him. And that's why the Savior cursed him.
A man with no name
Biblical scholars tend to believe that Ahasuerus is not the real name of the Eternal Jew. Strictly speaking, the Jewish people simply did not have such a name as Ahasfer, it is a so-called stylization.
In addition to the name Agasfer, researchers know at least three more names of the Eternal Jew: Espero-Dios, Butadeus and Cartafail. Espero-Dios means "trust in God", Butadeus means "who struck God", and Carthaelos means "watchman of the praetorium" (Roman guard). Under the last name the Eternal Jew is mentioned in the "Great Chronicle" of Matthew Paris. It is believed that this nickname is the oldest. However, what was the real name of the person who offended Christ?
It is very likely that now we will never know. In biblical times, it was believed that a person's name is mystically connected with his destiny. The fate of every person is to live life and after that in the grave to await the onset of the Last Judgment. Dooming Ahasfera to eternal wandering, the Savior, as it were, made an exception for him, brought him out of the circle of being of normal people. Thus, his fate is no longer part of the general fate of mankind.
For this reason, Ahasuerus does not have the right to bear the name he received at birth and is mystically connected with the fate of the world. Now he is an outcast, and an outcast is a person without a name, who has the right to wear only nicknames given to him by people. Even in our modern proverbs, this ancient form of detachment from the clan has been preserved: "You are now nobody, and there is no way to call you."
The worst punishment
It may seem rather strange to a modern person that the kind of punishment that the Savior chose for Ahasuerus. Indeed, in fact, Christ gave him immortality.
To better understand why immortality can be regarded as a terrible punishment, let us recall one of the most ancient Old Testament traditions - the legend of the first murderer Cain. As the Bible says, Cain, who killed his brother Abel, was not put to death for this. God forbade the killing of Cain by his fellow tribesmen and condemned him to eternal wanderings.
Rod, by the oldest concepts, protects a person from evil, all sorts of misfortunes, and also gives the right to create a family. Having lost his kind, a person becomes powerless, transcended the circles in which the world exists. The laws of being have no power over him, but he also has no power to influence other people in any way. He is deprived of the main goal of all people - to continue his race itself.
Man is a collective being, and, according to ancient people, loneliness is the most terrible punishment. Yes, and modern psychologists say that, according to surveys, the greatest fear in people is caused by loneliness, and not death, as is commonly believed.
As for immortality, its nature is now fully explainable from a mystical point of view. The laws of the universe ceased to rule over Ahasfer. He stopped, froze, waiting for the Second Coming, becoming a living witness of Christ, although by no means the best.
Outcast fate
So what happened to Ahasfer next, after Christ cursed him? There are many legends on this topic. The darkest of them says that he was imprisoned in the deepest dungeon behind nine castles, where he continuously walks around the pillar, naked and overgrown. This legend was most widespread in the 15th century, during the era of endless wars and the Inquisition.
However, there are also more optimistic versions. Thus, in the aforementioned "Big Chronicle" by Matthew of Paris, the story of one archbishop, who arrived in England from Greater Armenia, is recorded. He claimed to be personally acquainted with the offender of Christ. The priest claimed that he repented, was baptized and chose a new name for himself Joseph. The eternal Jew leads the life of an ascetic and only occasionally talks to the pilgrims who come to the monastery, telling them about his fate for edification.
There is a mention of him in the records of modern times. So, about the meeting with Ahasfer, it is written in a Mormon newspaper dated 1868. As for the Mormons, the adherents of this offshoot of the main line of Christianity have never been inclined to cheap sensations and hoaxes.
Most references to Ahasuerus depict him as a tall man wearing long hair... He is always dressed in old, shabby clothes, and sometimes just in rags. You can also recognize him by the question he always asks to people he meets on his way: "Is a man already walking with a cross?" After all, Agasfer still does not lose hope that Christ will forgive him after all.
As far as age is concerned, there is completely different evidence. Some saw him in the guise of an ancient elder, others in the guise of a youth, and still others in the guise of a middle-aged man. Some understanding of where such contradictory statements could have come from is given to us by the same mention of the meeting with Ahasfer of the archbishop, who visited Armenia and communicated with him for quite a long time. According to him, the wanderer was cursed at the age of thirty. Since then, each time he grows old up to a hundred years, and after that he becomes thirty again. This can explain the different variants of his age in eyewitness accounts.
Grief messenger
Egasfer is not the only eternal wanderer on earth. Mythologists know two more such characters: this is the Wild Hunter and " Flying Dutchman". All these three legends are united not only by the fact that their characters remain on earth forever, until the Last Judgment, but also by the fact that their appearance is associated with some kind of natural disasters, war or disease.
In Western and Eastern Europe The agasphere is often seen before a plague epidemic or the outbreak of war. Those who see him promise defeat. So, for example, in the decisive battle between the crusaders and the Saracens, one of the Templars, knights of the order of the Temple, during a night vigil, met a monk in torn clothes, who asked him if he had seen a man carrying a cross. The strange meeting turned into a bad omen - in this battle the crusaders not only suffered a crushing defeat, but also forever lost the Life-giving Cross, on which the Savior was crucified. By the way, it was the Templars who lost it, who carried the shrine into the thick of the battle, believing that it would help them win.
There is also a rather curious piece of evidence concerning almost our days. Friedrich Schrader, one of the Wehrmacht officers who got into the Stalingrad cauldron, survived captivity and then returned home, later recalled that once a man who had allegedly escaped from Soviet captivity was brought to him for interrogation. His face and hands bore obvious traces of frostbite, his hair was long, and his speech was confused and illegible. The only thing that the officer managed to remember: "This man was talking about some kind of cross and that he must find the one who carries it." Having failed to get anything intelligible from him, the officer ordered him to be shot the next morning. However, the prisoner managed to free himself and escape. On the same day, the command reported that the troops were surrounded.
Common noun
By our time, the name Agasfer has gradually become a household name, denoting a restless person who leads a hectic lifestyle and does not have firm plans for the future. Its other meaning is a person who, through his own fault, has made big problems for himself, which are very difficult to solve. It is curious that in modern psychiatry there is such a thing as "Agasfera syndrome". Typically, this definition includes drug addicts who abuse potent drugs. In order to get them, they rub themselves into the credibility of medical workers, inventing a colorful story about their serious illness.
The legend of Ahasfera had a fairly large impact on Christian culture, but from a mystical character he gradually turned into a hero of proverbs, sayings and even anecdotes. However, all the jokes about the Eternal Jew are pretty dangerous. Suddenly, somewhere on the street, one day we will meet strange personality, which will ask us: "Isn't a man already walking with a cross?" And then we will have no time for jokes.
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Tradition says that when Christ was led to deliver him to a painful execution, the instrument of execution, a heavy wooden cross, he carried on himself. His path to the place of the crucifixion was difficult and long. The exhausted Christ wanted to lean against the wall of one of the houses to rest, but the owner of this house, named Ahasuer, did not allow him.
- Go! Go! - he shouted under the approving glances of the Pharisees. There is nothing to rest!
- Well, Christ unclenched his parched lips. But you, too, will walk your whole life. You will wander in the world forever, and you will never have peace or death ...
Perhaps this legend was eventually forgotten, like many others, if after that, from century to century, here and there, there did not appear a man whom many identified with the personality of the immortal Ahasuerus. The Italian astrologer Guido Bonatti wrote about him, the same one whom Dante in his “ Divine Comedy "It was pleasing to put in hell. In 1223, Bonatti met him at the Spanish court. According to him, this man was once cursed by Christ and therefore could not die. Five years later, he is mentioned by an entry made in the chronicle of the Abbey of St. Albana (England). It tells about the visit of the Abbey by the Archbishop of Armenia. When asked if he had heard anything about the immortal wanderer Ahasfera, the archbishop replied that he had not only heard, but had personally spoken to him several times. This man, according to him, was at that time in Armenia, he was wise, he had seen a lot and knows a lot, in conversation, however, he is restrained and talks about something only if asked about it. He well remembers the events of more than a thousand years ago, remembers the appearance of the apostles and many details of the life of those years, which no one living today knows about. The next message dates back to 1242, when this man appears in France. Then silence reigns for a long time, which is broken only after two and a half centuries. In 1505, Hagasfer was declared in Bohemia, a few years later he was seen in the Arab East, and in 1547 he was again in Europe, in Hamburg. The bishop of Schleswig Paul von Eitazen (1522-1598) tells about the meeting and conversation with him in his notes. According to his testimony, this man spoke all languages without the slightest accent. He led a secluded and ascetic lifestyle, had no property, except for the dress that was on him. If anyone gave him money, he gave every last coin to the poor. In 1575 he was seen in Spain, here the papal legates at the Spanish court Christopher Krause and Jacob Hol-stein talked to him. In 1599 he was seen in Vienna, from where he was heading to Poland, intending to reach Moscow. Soon he actually appears in Moscow, where many allegedly also saw him and talked to him. In 1603, he appears in Lubeck, which was attested by the burgomaster Kohlerus, the historian and theologian Kmover and other officials. “Last 1603, on January 14, a famous immortal Jew appeared in Lübeck, whom Christ, going to crucifixion, condemned to redemption,” says the city chronicle. In 1604 we find this strange person in Paris, in 1633 in Hamburg, in 1640 in Brussels. In 1642 he appears on the streets of Leipzig, in 1658 - in Stamford (Great Britain). When the eternal wanderer reappeared in England at the end of the 17th century, the skeptical English decided to check whether he was really who he was mistaken for. Oxford and Cambridge sent their professors, who gave him a biased exam. However, knowledge of him in ancient history, in the geography of the most remote corners of the Earth, which he visited or allegedly visited, were amazing. When suddenly asked a question in Arabic, he answered in that language without the slightest accent. He spoke almost all languages, both European and Eastern. Soon this man appears in Denmark, and then in Sweden, where traces of him are lost again.
Immortality of Ahasuerus is his curse: he is doomed to wander the earth until the second coming. But it is also his blessing, the promise of mercy and redemption, and through him - forgiveness for the whole world.
The plot of the legend says that when Christ was led to the crucifixion, he carried a heavy wooden cross on him. The path to Golgotha under the scorching sun was difficult and long. Exhausted, he leaned against the wall of the house to rest, but the owner of this house, Agasfer, did not allow:
- Go, why are you hesitating?
- Well, I will go, but you will go and will wait for me, - Christ whispered, - you will also go all your life. You will wander forever, and you will never have peace or death.
The image of Ahasuerus the wanderer (eternal Jew) attracted the attention of many writers. Poems by K.F.D.Shubart, N. Lenau, I.V. Goethe, the philosophical drama by E. Keene, and the satire novel by E. Syu are dedicated to him.
The legend about Agasfera is still alive today, since for centuries different nations every now and then a person appeared (or different people), whom many identified with the immortal Ahasuerus.
The Italian astrologer Guido Bonatti, the one whom Dante portrayed in his Divine Comedy, described his meeting with the eternal Jew in 1223 at the Spanish court. Further, he is mentioned by an entry made in the chronicle of the abbey of St. Albana (England). It tells about the visit of the Abbey by the Archbishop of Armenia. The archbishop said that he not only heard, but also spoke personally several times with the immortal wanderer. This man, according to him, lived in Armenia for a long time, was wise, knew many languages, in conversation, however, he showed restraint and talked about something only if asked about it. He described well the events of more than a thousand years ago, remembered his appearance famous people antiquity and many details of their life, about which no one living today knows.
The next message dates back to 1347, when Ahasfera was seen in Germany. Then he disappeared for centuries and reappeared in 1505 in Bohemia, a few years later he was seen in the Middle East, and in 1547 he was again in Europe, in Paris.
The bishop of Nantes Eugene de Lisle (1542-1608) tells about the meeting and conversation with him in his notes. According to his testimony, this man spoke 15 languages without the slightest accent, easily navigated issues of history and philosophy, led a secluded life. He was content with the least; he immediately distributed all the money he received to the last coin to the poor. In 1578 g. eternal Jew seen in Spain: Enrico Ogdelius and Mario Belchi, papal historians at the Spanish court, talked to him. In 1601 he appeared in Austria, from where he went to Prague.
In 1603, on the way back, Hagasfer appears in Amsterdam, which was attested by Pastor Colerus, a contemporary and the first biographer of Spinoza. In 1607 we find this mysterious person in Constantinople, in 1635 in Madrid, in 1640 in London. In 1648 the wanderer appears on the streets of Rome, and in 1669 - in Strasbourg.
When at the end of the 17th century. the eternal exile reappeared in England, it was decided to check whether he really was who he was mistaken for.
The exam was arranged by the best professors of Oxford and Cambridge. But they failed to catch him in ignorance of anything. His knowledge in ancient history, in the geography of the most distant countries and continents, which he visited or allegedly visited, were amazing. He spoke most European and Oriental languages.
Soon this man is seen in Poland, and then in Denmark, where traces of him are lost again. Voltaire mentions him in his philosophical dictionary (Dictionnaire philosophique, 1764). Later mention of this mysterious personality we meet in different sources. In 1812, 1824 and 1890. Hagasfer, or someone posing as him, appears in France ...
We find the last mention of this man known to us less than a century ago in Bethlehem, where he visited the temple and left an ancient Torah scroll. Before becoming a literary character we are accustomed to, Agasfer was perceived as a historical and quite real person.
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