An essay on the topic: Lament of Yaroslavna in the poem The Word about Igor's regiment. "Lament of Yaroslavna" - a masterpiece of world literature The lament of Yaroslavna breathes with deep feeling

Is a compulsory piece that is included in the school curriculum. The word is not just a monument Old Russian literature and historical work... This is a work that helps to see the worldview of ancestors, see the images of princes and get acquainted with the problems existing at that time. Shows the work of Russian women, selfless, loyal, loyal and gentle. Their author reveals through the one who poured out her grief in lamentation. When you read the part of the work, which describes the cry of Yaroslavna, you see how it is filled with a special breath, a deep feeling, which we will write about in our literature for the 9th grade.

Kozlov: transcription of Yaroslavna's Lament

The word about Igor's regiment was transformed by various writers, among whom it is worth noting his transcription by Kozlov. While others tried to write their arrangement close to the text of an ancient Russian work, preserving its rhythm, Kozlov wrote the Word in a more free form, trying to convey his emotional and personal perception of the work. In spite of everything, the basis for each version of the translation of the Lay of Igor's Host remains the same - and this is the work of an unknown author. Each of the writers managed to correctly recreate the image of Yaroslavna, which reflected all the features of Russian women. We hear her heartfelt crying, where Yaroslavna not only performs the accepted rituals, but truly grieves for her husband's squad, worries about her betrothed, and the sincerity of her tears can be compared to the bleeding wounds of a prince. It hurts her that she is not next to Igor, and cannot fly to him as a bird.

Why does Yaroslavna appeal to different forces of nature three times?

As you know, in the Lay of Igor's Host, the episode of Yaroslavna's Lament is the most beautiful part of the author's work. Yaroslavna turns in her spell to three elements at once. The woman calls for help from the wind, the sun and the river. Why does Yaroslavna turn to three elements at once in her cry? Most likely, the author wanted to emphasize the pagan basis of the work. In addition, in folklore, the method of triple appeal was often used both in fairy tales and in songs and parables. So in the Word about Igor's regiment, Yaroslavna, in her prayer, in her spell and her tunes, touches on three elements that help Igor free from captivity.

Essay on the topic: Lament of Yaroslavna

An essay on the topic: is the "Lay of Igor's Campaign" relevant in our time Composition: What is the attitude of the author of "The Lay of Igor's Campaign" to the main character of the story? The composition "What is the pathos of the monument" The Lay of Igor's Campaign "?"

be a helm to the great Don; invites his brave brother Vsevolod, leads his squad to the Polovtsian land, wins a battle, then loses another and, being captured, disappears from the poem: most of it consists of Svyatoslav's speech and Yaroslavna's weeping. Then, at the end of the poem, Igor appears again for a minute, escaping from captivity. In general, he does not arouse our participation in anything. Although Vsevolod is also described very faintly and, as it were, in passing, he is more of a hero in the spirit of his time. His speech to Igor breathes with the passion and inspiration of combat. In battle, he is drawn in the foreground and obscures Igor's colorless face. Svyatoslav is not as a character, but the voice of history, the spokesman for the political state of Russia: behind him is clearly the poet himself. In general, there is no drama in the poem, no movement; persons are absorbed in the event, and the event is completely insignificant in itself. This is not a struggle between two peoples, but a raid by a tribe on a neighboring tribe. Obviously, all these shortcomings of the poem lie not in the weakness of the singer's talent, but in the scarcity of materials that the life of the people could provide him. Here is the reason for the fact that the people themselves are completely colorless in the poem: without beliefs, without a way of thinking, without worldly wisdom, with only the wealth of a living and warm feeling. And therefore the whole poem is childish babble, full of poetry, but scanty in meaning, babbling, which is all charm in vague, melodic sounds, and not in the sense of these sounds ...

We said above that "The Lay of Igor's Regiment" sharply responds to the South Russian origin. There is something soft in his language, reminiscent of the current Little Russian dialect, especially the abundance of guttural sounds and endings with the letter ъ in the verbs of the present tense of the third person plural. But most of all speaks for the Russian-southern origin of "Lay" expressed in it the way of life of the people. There is something warm, noble and humane in the mutual relations of the protagonists of this poem: Igor is waiting for his dear brother Vsevolod, and Vsevolod's speech to Igor breathes meek and tender kindred love without sophistication and cloying: "I have one brother, one bright one, Oh Igor, and we are both Svyatoslavichi! " Igor retreats with the regiments not for fear of laying down his head: he felt sorry for his dear brother Vsevolod. In the reproaches of the aged Svyatoslav to his sons, one hears not the anger of the offended authority, but the murmur of the offended parental love - and his reproach is meek and gentle; accusing the children of the boldness that was the cause of Igor's captivity, he at the same time, as it were, is proud of their boldness: "O my sons, Igor and Vsevolod! early you began to mine the Polovtsian land with swords, and to seek glory for yourself. Your victory is dishonest, unjustly shed. you enemy blood. Your hearts are made of strong damask steel, but tempered in buesti! Did I expect this from your silver gray hair! " But the noble relations of the sexes are especially striking in the poem. The woman here is not a wife and not only a mistress, but also a mistress together. Yaroslavna's lament breathes with deep feeling, expressed in images, how many simple-minded, so many graceful, noble and poetic. This is not a wife who, after the death of her husband, remained a bitter orphan, without a corner and without a piece, and who laments that there is no one else to feed her: no, this is a tender lover, to whom a loving soul longingly rushes to her sweetheart, to her _lady_, to soak in Kayale-river beaver sleeve and blast bloody wounds on the body of the beloved; which turns to all nature about her sweetheart: she reproaches the wind, which carries the khan's arrows to the dear squad and scatters its joy over the feather-grass; Dnepr implores - to cherish her dear boat before her, so that she does not send tears to him at sea early; appeals to the sun, which is "warm and red to everyone" - only torments her warriors with the heat of the rays of her warriors ... But a man knows how to appreciate such a woman: only the thirst for battle and glory made Vsevolod's rampage forget for a while "his sweetheart, red Glebovna , svychai and customs "... All this, we repeat, resonates with Southern Russia, where even now there is still so much humane and noble in family life n0, where sex relations are based on love, and a woman enjoys the rights of her gender; and all this is diametrically opposed to Northern Russia, where family relations are wild and rude and a woman is a kind of domestic cattle and where love is a completely extraneous matter in marriages: compare the life of Little Russian peasants with the life of Russian peasants, petty bourgeoisie, merchants and partly other classes, and you will see in the validity of our conclusion about the southern origin of "The Lay of Igor's Host", and our consideration of the Russians folk tales will make this belief obvious.

Now we should speak (111) about the "Legend of Batu's invasion of the Russian land" and about the "Legend of the Mamayev massacre"; but we will say very little about them. Both of these monuments do not at all relate to poetry, because there is neither a shadow nor a ghost of poetry in them: they are rather monuments not even of eloquence, but of the ingenuous rhetoric of the time, which all the trick consisted in incessant applications to the Bible and the extract of texts from it. Much more curious is "The Word of Daniel the Imprisoned". It also does not apply to poetry, but can serve as an example of practical philosophy and learned eloquence of the XIV century (112). Daniel Zatochnik was a man of deep learning in the spirit of his time; His "word" is distinguished by intelligence, dexterity, and in some places something similar to eloquence. Its main advantage is that it breathes the spirit of its time. It was written in confinement, to the prince, from whom Nsha Zatochnik hoped to beg forgiveness and freedom for himself. Without losing sight of the main subject of his message, the Imprisoner indulges in various judgments. By the way, spreading about his poverty, he says:

A rich husband is everywhere we know; and in a foreign land he has friends, but the poor man walks in his own invisibly. The rich will cry, all will be silent and his word will be lifted up to the clouds; but the poor man will cry, all will call on him and his mouth will be blocked: _their vestments are bright, those and speech is honest_.

Mocking the prince, he praises him like this:

The bird rejoices in spring, and the baby of the mother, so I, the prince and the lord, rejoice at your mercy; spring adorns the earth with flowers, and you, prince lord, having revived all men with your mercy, orphans and widows, are immersed from the nobles. Prince lord! Show me the zraak of your face, as if your voice is sweet, and your image of the sovereign is red, and your face is bright and splendid, and your mind, as the sovereign, is like a beautiful paradise that is abundant.

The entreaties' pleas to the prince sometimes rise to true eloquence:

But always rejoice with many brushes, and remember me dry eating bread; or drink a sweet drink, and remember me, drinking warm water and attacking dust (113) from the place of wind; You lie down on soft beds under sable blankets, and remember me under a single cloth, lying and dying in the winter, and the heart is piercing like raindrops like arrows.

Particularly remarkable is the following passage in the "Word" of the Imprisoned, where he advises the prince to respect the mind more than wealth and speaks of himself with a kind of naive, lofty consciousness of his own dignity:

Prince, my lord! Do not deprive the poor of bread wise, nor lift up to the cloud of the rich; she is mad, senseless: the beggar is wise, like gold in a pot, and rich is red is meaningless, then like a dark headboard, straw is woven. My lord! do not see my outer, but behold the inner: for I am poor in clothing, but abundant in reason; I have a young age, but I have an old meaning, I think like an eagle soaring through the air. But put a drop of my tongue under the stream, so that the words of my lips, sweetest to honey, will accumulate.

It’s not this on the reins of life, nor wisdom in the heart of the insane: they scream the insane, they neither sow, nor collect them in the granaries, but they themselves give birth. As the lithi water has sunk into the fur, so teach the mad; the dog and the pigs do not need gold and silver, nor the insanely wise words (114). If the tit of the eagle devours, if the stone floats on the water, if the pig barks at the squirrel, then the mad man will learn.

It is noticeable that Daniel the Zatochnik suffered from evil slander from the boyars and the prince's wife; at least nothing else can explain the following formidable philippics against bad counselors and bad wives:

Prince, my lord! the sea does not sink ships, but the winds; and it is not fire that creates the kindling of iron, but the smothering of it: in the same way, the prince himself does not fall into many bad things (115), but the Duma members introduce it. With a good dummy, the prince will finish the table high, but with a dashing Duma he thinks, and he will be deprived of a small table. Bo speaks in worldly parables: not cattle in cattle, a goat, and not a beast in animals, a hedgehog, not a fish in fish, a crayfish, not a bird in birds, a bat, and not a husband in husbands whom his wife owns; not a wife in women like her husband ...; not work in the works under the knives to carry. More wonderful a diva who catches an evil-looking wife, a profit ... but the wicked wife of the Biema is enraged, and the humble woman is exalted, she is proud of her wealth, but she condemns others in her poverty. What is the wife of evil? indestructible hotel, demonic kupnitsa. What is the wife of evil? worldly rebellion, blindness to the mind, the originator of all malice, in the church a demonic tax collector, a champion of sin, an ambush to salvation.

We do not write out this energetic trick until the end: this is only the beginning, the weakest part of it. Instead of it, we will write out the end of Zatochnikov's message: it is to such an extent in the spirit of the times that from the eloquent becomes poetic, and therefore it is especially interesting.

These words were written by Daniel to imprisonment on Lake Bela, and having sealed them in wax, and those who were empty into the lake, and we took a fish for devouring, and the yasha became a fish, and was brought quickly to the prince, and began to flog it, and behold, the prince was written, and ordered Danil to be free from the bitter drag. - Do not sweep aside the madness of his madness, but you will not be like him. Already I’ll stop talking, but I won’t be like weakened my fur, dropping wealth to the poor; may I not be like millstones, as many people satisfy, but they cannot be satisfied for themselves, but I will not be hated by the world with a lot of conversation. Yako bo bird uch
16/40 pages

School essay on the theme "The Image of Yaroslavna". "A word about Igor's regiment"- a work of ancient Russian literature about the protection of the Russian land from the Polovtsian invasion. Wrote it unknown author... The events described in the poem take place in 1185, when Prince Igor led his army against the Polovtsians. Despite the eclipse of the sun, which foreshadowed defeat, Igor's wife decided to defeat the Polovtsian troops in order to forever close their way to Russia. But the opposite happened. Only the first days brought the joy of victory. On the third day, Igor's army was defeated, and the prince himself was taken prisoner. Russian soldiers gave their lives defending their native land, but the forces were equal. To overcome the Polovtsian hordes, it was necessary to unite the Russian principalities to fight the enemy. Disagreement between the princes led to the defeat of Igor's wife, but the Russian land suffered, which became defenseless. Why did The Lay of Igor's Host find such popularity, why does this chronicle stand out from the crowd of other works? Many works have been written about this, many Russian and other scientists, literary critics have solved this problem and agreed that one of the main, but the main reason was the unusual poetic speech of the Lay, which, thanks to its beauty, brought this work closer to the artistic one.

How does his Motherland react to the defeat of Prince Igor? The author understands that the only way to convey the feelings of a military failure, the grief of a defenseless land is through the suffering of a person close to Igor. Such is the prince's wife - Yaroslavna. In her work, she is an example of a Slavic woman, a faithful patriot, devoted to her husband and her land. We get to know Yaroslavna when she cries at the gate in Putivl-grad, I turn to the forces of nature, beseeching them to return to her men. We see the disappointing grief of a wife who has lost her beloved, her resistance and hope. Thinking about her husband, she looks for support from the forces of nature and for Igor's warriors. Turning to the wind, Yaroslavna asks:

Lightweight, winged mistress! Why, on a strong wing, To howl, my dears, To the prince, my dear pal, Thou shalt throw arrows at the khan?

A woman is ready to fly in a zigzit just to save a loved one and provide him with strength. Longing, pain, despair merged in this cry - lamentations. With the loss of her husband, Yaroslavna loses the joy of life. Sadness and hopelessness overwhelm her. Giving us a picture of the crying princess, the author makes us think about who is a warrior for his land, for his beloved. Yaroslavna mourns not only her husband and his army, she mourns the Russian land, lost her defenders. The strength of Yaroslavna's feelings helps the prince escape from captivity. He returns to defend his native land again.

The author introduces pictures of nature into the work! In general, from the annals, if there was a description of nature, it was nonnaya, imbued with patriotism. She is also a politically conscious woman, for she mourns not only Igor, but also the soldiers, his wife, sympathizes with Russian women:

Like a seagull of mercy He groans early in the morning. Yaroslavna believes in the miraculous power of the Kayala River, which can heal the prince's wounds: I will wash the beaver sleeve in the Kayala River, wash the prince's bloody wounds on his strong body!

In the Ukrainian fiction and in folklore, we often come across a comparison of a woman with a poplar, viburnum, a seagull, a cuckoo to determine a woman's fate. These two birds symbolize tragic fate women. The author of "Lay ..." uses them exactly. Yaroslavna is ready to fly like a cuckoo, a seagull, into the very heat, just to save Igor. The entire monologue of Yaroslavna consists of rhetorical addresses and questions in which she praises the omnipotence of nature, and sometimes even is capable of reproaches, which prevents the prince and wife:

Oh wind, sail! Why, sir, by force of viesh? Why sword enemy arrows on the wings of their lungs Against the warriors of my dear? In Dnepr-Slavutich, she addresses herself as a powerful element: bring you, master, To me my dear one, And I would not send him zealous tears At sea it’s too early!

How should you love your betrothed, to so desperately, desperately beg for his life not in people, but in the forces of nature! This is despair, the last hope. And already having been tormented by prayers, the woman turns to the most powerful force - the Sun:

Why, the sun-owner, has spread its hot rays On the warriors of my dear In a waterless field, thirst has dried their bows, their quivers are tightly closed! And nature seemed to have caught up with these sincere incantations, as if it took pity on the spiritual beauty of this woman, that nature is not even indifferent to her melancholy: the sea began to play at midnight, the fog goes in pillars-whirlwinds, God presents the path to Igor-Prince From the Polovtsian land To the Russian land.

More than eight centuries have passed since these events, but even today I would like to wish young people, spouses to follow the example of this wife in fidelity, boundless love for each other. After all, Igor did not betray Yaroslavna, although he was offered beautiful Polovtsian women and wealth in order to have an ally to Khan Konchak in his person. Yaroslavna is a wise woman. She amazes with her tenderness, defenselessness and at the same time strength. For me, the princess is not just Igor's wife. I perceived this image in unity with the image of the Russian land. By the power of her love, Yaroslavna returns Igor to native land, to a people in need of protection. Igor returned from captivity and the Russian land rejoices:

Igor is driving along the Borichevs

"A word about Igor's regiment" - literary monument of ancient Russian culture, which tells about the unsuccessful campaign of Prince Igor Svyatoslavich against the Polovtsians in 1185.

Yaroslavna's Lament is one of three parts of the poem dedicated to the moment of grief of Prince Igor's wife about the unsuccessful outcome of the battle, in which his squad took part. This episode is recognized as one of the best in the entire work, and its heroine is a symbol of a loving and faithful wife.

The image of Yaroslavna embodies the theme of family, peace, home and endless longing for her husband, who at every moment risks being killed by the enemy's sword. Her excitement is so strong and irresistible that she is ready to become a bird in order to quickly be near her husband and heal his wounds. What is characteristic, such techniques, namely the transformation of the heroes of the works folk art in various birds and animals, represent one of the main features of Russian folklore.

The action takes place at a time when Russia had already adopted Christianity, but at the same time, it still continues the traditions of the pagan faith. This is what they say artistic images used in the work. For example, Igor, noticing a black shadow that rose above the Russian militia, doubted the successful outcome of the battle.

Or, for example, Yaroslavna's appeal to the wind, to the sun, to the river, means her faith in the pagan gods who personify the named forces of nature. She talks to them on equal terms, then reproaching, then begging for support and protection. In addition, with the help of this technique, the author shows the beauty of the Russian land, the endlessness of its fields, the bright sun, high mountains, deep seas and mighty rivers. All immense and great Russia embodied in this picture, personified in the image of the beautiful Yaroslavna. Her crying carries with it not only suffering and sadness, but also filled with tenderness and bright hope.

The heroine's monologue is a lyrical song, permeated with an unquenchable hope for the imminent return of Prince Igor from the battlefield. And for her faith and boundless love, fate generously rewards Yaroslavna. The pleas were heard, and Prince Igor flees from captivity, led by a miraculous force on the way to his home.

Thus, the lament of Yaroslavna is the most important plot component of the poem "The Lay of Igor's Campaign." It is in it that all the strength of the universal popular grief over the fallen wars is contained and the idea of ​​creation and peace is affirmed.

Option 2

The 12th century for Russia was marked by many events, but mainly of a military orientation. If we talk about the cultural development of the state, then it is important to note that it was at this time that wonderful monument Old Russian literature "The Word about Igor's Regiment".

The aforementioned work has a clear structure, to which the idea, genre features, and language means are subordinated. There is nothing accidental or superfluous in "The Word ...": each episode is important, it carries a certain semantic load.

In this essay, we will focus on an episode that literary scholars call "Yaroslavna's Lament". This is a kind of prediction of the fate of a beloved fret.

Yaroslavna personifies the Russian land. And in the cry of the girl, the attitude of the entire Russian land to the military events with the Polovtsy is clearly shown.

If we talk about the compositional structure of the text, the "Lament" is important as a pre-decision to Igor's escape from captivity. Because Lada Yaroslavna turns to the sun, wind, Danube, so that they help her lover to get rid of the Polovtsian bonds, so that Lada can be together with her beloved.

If "Crying" is removed from the text, then its harmony and semantic completeness will be violated. After all main idea Is a call for unity.

Also, do not forget about such things as artistic space and time. In this case, special attention is paid to space. It expands and contracts. In Lament, the space is expanded to the very outskirts of the Russian state. This is achieved due to the skill of the author, due to the fact that he brought "Lament" closer to the folk lyric song.

Landscape sketches are also important in Lament. According to the literary critic D. Likhachev, they are designed to be independent actors... This is also typical of the ancient Russian texts of that time, because such a technique allows you to show and emphasize the vastness of the space that surrounds an insignificantly small person.

"The Word ..." has poetic arrangements. The most interesting are the translations of D. Likhachev, and N. Zabolotsky.

If we talk about Lamentation, Likhachev embellishes the text by means of metaphors, and Zabolotsky - by means of comparisons.

Several interesting compositions

• Analysis of the story by Nikita Platonov

  The work belongs to the lyric stories of the writer on military themes, and considers the consequences of the influence of wars unleashed by states on the child's psyche as the main problem.

  The ignorant Mitrofan had several teachers in Fonvizin's comedy. One of them, and the most worthy in the opinion of the close-minded Mrs. Prostakova, was the German Vralman.

Yaroslavna's lament is perhaps the most poetic and beautiful episode of the work.It sounds not just like moaning and entreaty, but like a real spell filled with folk tunes and magical transformations into animals.

Yaroslavna worries about the unsuccessful campaign of the squad of her husband, Prince Igor. In her sadness, she is not ashamed of her tears and turns to the higher forces of nature - the wind, river and sun. Surprisingly, her treatment as equals, Yaroslavna, as it were, condemns and scolds the higher powers, like old good friends who did not provide proper assistance to support her husband. With this method, the author points to the pronounced pagan customs that took place at that time, despite the already adopted Christianity. Nature in tears is also depicted in an unusually picturesque manner. Descriptions such as transformation into animals are quite typical for folklore.

The image of Yaroslavna successfully combines the type of a faithful and devoted wife, who for the sake of her husband is ready to do a lot, and turn into a cuckoo and wipe the blood from his wounds. . Important, that female image presented on a par with men. Thus, the author emphasizes Yaroslavna's confidence and self-sufficiency.

So, we can conclude that with the help of the presented image, the author is trying to convey the grief, and at the same time the determination of all women in Russia - wives and mothers. ”Each word of Yaroslavna is filled with light and hope for a successful end to the confrontation.