Learning to draw 2 4 years. Easy ways to teach kids to draw. Learn to draw animals

Drawing is one of the ways children express themselves. First, the kid draws scribbles, something described in the rhyme “stick, stick, cucumber, it turned out to be a little man”, then his talent grows, and sometimes the baby can give out real masterpieces. But what if the kid can’t draw the way he wants? Because of this, the child is upset and depressed.

Or another example: the kid draws wonderfully with rapture, but how to make his talent truly professional? How to push the child to the "path of the artist"? In other words, how to teach a child to draw? This will be discussed further.

When to teach a child to draw?

All children have a penchant for creativity, and it is difficult to find a kid who would not like to draw.

Toddlers begin to be interested in the world of paints and pencils as early as 7-8 months. During this period, there is a leap in development, children find more and more new and interesting things around them.

At this time, you can show them simple drawings, as well as step by step (1-2 stages) to explain how to draw them. Let the mother herself wield a pencil on paper, and the baby follows these manipulations. Most likely, he will reach for the pencil himself. Do not interfere with this. Give your child complete creative freedom.

But, of course, there is no question of at least some professional drawing at 8-12 months. You can teach your baby to create at a higher level later. At 2 years old, the child is already able to hold the brush and pencil correctly, that is, in the fist, but with three fingers. During this period, you can begin to gradually introduce the baby to art. In the early stages, you can get by with home schooling (which will be discussed below), but if you seriously decide to raise a second Vasnetsov or Aivazovsky, it is better to send your child to a special art school.

Preparatory stage

Introducing a child to creativity is an extremely exciting process, but also quite expensive. Until you understand what your child likes more - paints or pencils - you will have to buy both.

To get started, get:

• sheets of paper (this is better than an album);
• watercolor paints;
• gouache;
• colored pencils and markers;
• simple pencils;
• colored crayons or pastels;
• brushes - better than a squirrel, speakers;
• later you can buy acrylic and oil paints.

The drawings on the glass look very interesting. They are made with special stained glass paints, which can be purchased at art stores.

Gradually offer the crumbs one or another tool for drawing.

Before starting the creative process, put on your child old clothes that you don’t mind getting dirty. Prepare the field for activity: you can even sit on the floor! Create an atmosphere: turn on the music, open the curtains to make the room brighter.

Now start creating!

Learning to draw with a pencil

Before teaching a child to draw with a pencil, it is necessary to introduce him to the basic geometric shapes. It is from them at first that the drawing will consist.

The next step is coloring. Start with large coloring pages. Let the kid learn to wield pencils and carefully paint over the details of the picture.

1. Find a simple lesson on the Internet that shows you how to draw any object step by step. Together with the baby, choose what you will draw.
2. Take one sheet for yourself, give the other to the child. Draw a picture step by step, make sure that the child repeats after you.
3. At first, the baby's picture will be somewhat clumsy, devoid of smooth lines and curves, but over time, he will learn to draw more accurately and beautifully.
4. Later (at the age of 6-7 years) the child can be introduced to such concepts as highlight, shadow, reflex. To do this, it is better to give the baby to a special circle where professional artists work.

How to teach a child to paint with watercolors?

Watercolor is one of the best paints for teaching a child from 5 years old to draw.

To begin with, it is better to choose an ordinary honey watercolor - 12 or 18 colors. Paper is an ordinary drawing paper.

Training

1. Wet the paper slightly and attach it with buttons to the board or tablet.
2. Dilute watercolor paints on a special palette.
3. Prepare brushes (squirrel or kolinsky) and a glass of water.

Painting

1. First, explain to the child that there are only three basic colors (red, blue, yellow), and also show how, by mixing them together, you can get new colors.
2. Let the kid try to mix paints on a separate sheet.
3. Explain to your child that watercolor painting requires speed of movement. The picture painted with this water-based paint is difficult to fix, especially when it dries.
4. Start drawing. Show your child step by step how to draw the sky, trees, houses. Remember that you need to start drawing from the background, gradually applying new layers.

Some interesting techniques

How to teach a child to draw with a pencil or watercolor? The answer is simple: you need to let the baby work in different techniques. Gouache, colored pencils, pastels - all this seems to be familiar and even banal, but the creative process does not tolerate everyday life. You can create paintings in absolutely amazing ways. A few of these techniques are presented below.

We draw with a palm

Your child (this method can be offered even to kids of 2-3 years old) will be delighted with such a drawing, because deep down in their hearts every little carp wants to stain everything with paint without restraining himself.

1. Cover the floor with newspapers or a large oilcloth, put a sheet of drawing paper on it, pour multi-colored paints into saucers, prepare a roll of paper towels and a deep bowl of water.
2. Let the kid “dip” his palms into the paint and, leaving prints on paper, create his own picture.
3. From time to time, the child's hands should be washed so that the picture does not turn out dirty.

For this technique, choose only safe natural paints.

sponge painting

Sponge paintings look very unusual and beautiful.

1. Prepare saucers of paint, a bowl of water, and a few pieces of ordinary sponges for cleaning the house.
2. It is better if the sponge has a clear shape, such as a circle, a rectangle.
3. A picture drawn with a sponge can be finished with felt-tip pens or a brush.

It is better to take a few sponges to make the drawing more interesting and the drawing process entertaining.

wax drawings

For drawing, take an ordinary paraffin or wax candle. Draw patterns or write words on a piece of paper with your child. At first, everything drawn will be invisible to the eye, but reassure the baby: miracles will begin when the paints come into play!

Carefully paint over the sheet with watercolor. The paint will roll off the waxed parts of the sheet and form a beautiful unusual picture.

Drawing circle: pros and cons

A great way to both teach a child to draw and develop his communication skills is to send him to special classes. Like all circles, such classes have their pros and cons:

Pros:

• classes are taught by an experienced artist;
• the child communicates with children of his age, there is a spirit of rivalry in the group, which means that the motivation is not to be lazy;
• motivation is periodic exhibitions and competitions;
• training takes place according to a special program.

Minuses:

• classes take place in a group, and the teacher does not always have time to approach your child;
• classes are paid (often quite expensive);
• It is better not to skip lessons in order to keep up with the group.

You can also give the baby to individual drawing lessons. But remember that the cost of such classes is many times higher than classes in a group. Also in individual lessons there is no competitive mood.

Another way to teach a child to paint is video tutorials. You can download them on the Internet or buy a ready-made program in specialized stores.

At what age to send a child to study painting professionally, each parent decides for himself.

Conclusion

No matter how old your child is, it is never too late to teach him how to draw. Whether you will do this at home or give your child to special lessons, it is important to do everything in stages so as not to discourage the child from creating.

Many people think that drawing is an artistic "science" that is not subject to everyone. In fact, the craving for art awakens in a person as early as early childhood, however, without a certain development of abilities, it weakens over the years.

So is it possible to teach a child to draw, especially if they were born who do not know how to do this? When to start educational process and from what exactly? Finally, is it necessary to send the baby to an art school or a drawing circle in the future?

At what age do children start drawing?

Children begin to be interested in drawing quite early, taking an example from their parents, brothers and sisters, who write something on paper. However, in a general sense, the craving for drawing is manifested in babies aged from 1 to 1.5 years.

And if at first the child’s drawings are more like a doodle-doodle, then closer to 5 years (and up to 15 years), an actively developing fantasy helps kids create real masterpieces on paper.

The benefits of drawing for child development

It is almost impossible to evaluate all the positive aspects of drawing in childhood - its influence on kids is so huge that the development of the entire personality of the child falls under the "sight".

In a general sense, drawing:

• forms in the baby a sincere sense of beauty and a desire to create something beautiful;
• develops the mind and imagination of the baby and helps to master new "tools" for understanding the world: felt-tip pens, brushes, pencils;
• the child learns to convey surrounding objects with his paintings and at the same time is engaged in useful work.

Where to start?

The first drawing lessons can take place already when the baby learns to hold objects in his hands. At this point, mom can hand him pencils and help him draw a simple line on paper.

Let it be not quite even and even “move out” from the album to the table. It is much more important that the child understands that his “manipulations” can subsequently turn into something really beautiful!

Pencils or markers?

Giving pencils to kids without adult supervision is not worth it so that they do not accidentally get hurt by them. However, under vigilant supervision, children can draw with felt-tip pens and a brush - especially since they make the first samples of the "pen" with the help of coloring books.

Who will refuse to draw the hero of your favorite book, the finished image of which lies in front of you on paper? It's hard to make a mistake and do something wrong!

And what exactly?

Some people find that pencils or thin felt-tip pens are not very convenient to use. At least for kids of two years old: their lead often breaks, and the rod is pressed inward.

However, only by giving the child the opportunity to choose something of his own from the variety of options will you help him find his favorite "tool" for drawing.

Paints or crayons?

A two-year-old kid can draw with almost everything: with finger paints and bold felt-tip pens - on paper, with bright crayons - right on the asphalt or board. It is generally most convenient to draw with the latter, since they are soft, and the lines behind them leave clear.

It will be a little more difficult to master gouache and paints, because they imply not only the desire to sculpt something, but also a certain creative technique.

A miracle of technology!

AT recent times shops began to sell absolutely amazing things for drawing: a set for creativity with glitter on velvet paper or amazing felt-tip pens that a kid can blow into. And it's truly wonderful!

Drawing lessons for kids from 2 to 4 years old

It is necessary to teach a child who is 2-3 years old to draw from mastering the simplest techniques. At the same time, it is very important to be attentive to the needs of the baby to create and not to make fun of his diligent scratching with a pencil on paper.

The condescending attitude of adults to children's drawings leads to the fact that the child may consider drawing an empty occupation and refuse it.

What will be required?

Take bright colors, paper (than bigger size there will be sheets, the better), good brushes, a soft sponge and a glass of water. It is best to dress in something that is not a pity to get dirty - even a purchased apron for drawing will not save you from stains when young artist only 3-4 years!

How much time to devote to classes?

You need to teach a kid to draw for 10-20 minutes 2-3 times a week so that he does not get tired, but the craving for fine arts is not lost in the end.

Techniques for developing drawing skills

the freedom of action

Glossy paper is used for this tutorial. white color and watercolors. Have your little one dip the brush into the paint can and drip directly onto the paper! whimsical patterns with which it spreads will look like magic pictures!

Sponge, not Bob

For this lesson, gouache and a large sheet of paper are taken. Have the child dip their pen into the paint and wring it out a little. Let him leave a “signature” on the sheet with his hand, and with a sponge rolled into a roll, make the final artistic “touches” next to it.

In a similar way, you can draw on paper and with your fingers: dilute the gouache with water so that it turns into “sour cream”, and pour it onto a plate. Using a wide brush, apply paint to the baby's fingers and ask them to leave their autograph on the sheet.

Wet style

A thick and large sheet of paper should be wetted under water for a couple of seconds. Now put it on a tray and invite your child to paint watercolors on it. Given the condition of the surface, the paint will spread on it, mix and create amazing “wet” patterns.

Scarlet flower

To teach a child to draw something really memorable, you can do this: dip the child’s finger in green color and, holding his hand, hold the stem along with him on paper. A handprint will act as a bud, and in the end you will get a wonderful flower!

This technique can be successfully used to depict other objects. Try to use it to depict a tree or a cheerful giraffe with a baby.

Drawing lessons with children over 4 years old

The age of four is a fertile time for mastering more complex drawing techniques. Already during this period, it is worth sending the baby to art school, but if for some reason this does not work out, you can teach him to draw by yourself.

Together is more fun

Get ready for the fact that you will have to do this together, since it is from your drawings that he will take the right example. Try to draw brightly, specifically and not be distracted by too small details.

Tell about everything

Accompany the drawing process with a fascinating story so that the child understands what you are doing.

Master the figures

The most important thing is to teach the kid to draw geometric shapes that will become the basis of the desired images, regardless of whether it is an animal or a person.

How to draw a tree?

At 4 years old, you need to start with a simple one: with an ordinary green Christmas tree, which is cold in winter.

We attach below step by step instructions to create an "artistic" tree and a picture - so that the child understands the principle of work.

1. We draw a line on the sheet leading from top to bottom. We draw slightly curved lines from it, which will be the branches of our Christmas tree.
2. Now we will try to “outline” these lines with needles: as shown in the figure. When all the branches become fluffy, paint over the Christmas tree in green.

Similarly, you can depict a birch and other types of trees.

Learn to draw animals

Draw a hedgehog

1. Draw the needles of a hedgehog on paper using a zigzag, and then add ears to it.

1. Connect them with an oval to make a head.

1. Draw the hedgehog's nose, eyes and mouth and reward the hedgehog with a belly.

1. Draw his legs and arms.

1. It remains to draw the needles as shown in the picture. The hedgehog is ready!

Draw a donkey

Drawing a donkey on paper is also much easier than you thought.

We perform the following steps step by step:

1. We draw a simple oval on paper, then divide it with a line into two parts, in the upper of which we draw the eye of a donkey, and in the lower - nostrils and mouth.
2. Now we attach the ears to the donkey, drawing two “cucumbers” on the sheet. Just below the head, draw another oval - this will be the torso of the donkey, which we will connect to the head with two "neck" lines.
3. Now you need to add legs to the animal, drawing them at the bottom of the body, and a real tail, placing it on the side.

Donkey is ready! It remains to color it as fantasy tells!

Draw a cat and a dog

In the same way, you can draw a cat and a dog. The step-by-step technique for depicting a cat is shown in the following figure:

The main thing: to make it clear to the baby that drawing animals is not difficult if we take geometric shapes as a basis (in this case, these are circles and semicircles) and show a bit of imagination.

In the same way, you can draw a dog:

How to draw a person?

How to teach a child to draw a man? Not as easy as you would like, but not as difficult as it seems. Begin!

Scheme of the image of a man in full growth

1. Draw an oval and a rectangle on the sheet (as shown in the picture), and then attach them with a line to each other. We finish the little man's legs and arms with fingers.

2. Then add two lines to the arms to make them appear thicker. We will do the same with the legs. Now let's draw a person's ears (two semicircles on the sides) and make a hairstyle.

3. A person's face deserves special attention, but drawing his features - mouth, nose and eyebrows, will be easy if you first look at the drawing. We add a neck to the person and finish drawing a shirt with a collar.

5. We draw him trousers and boots, draw palms. There is nothing left: erase the auxiliary lines, outline the contours and decorate the person.

Draw a human figure in motion and a face

Similarly, you can depict a person in motion or draw a portrait of him. The step by step process is detailed in the following picture:

Drawing circle: when and why?

By the age of 6, a preschooler who is actively involved in drawing already knows how to create with paints and pencils. If his drawings differ significantly from the work of his peers (in better side), give the preschooler to the circle so that an experienced teacher continues to work with him.

To choose a good circle, it is enough to find out if there is a private school or a House of Creativity in your area. Very often, ordinary art teachers conduct such classes right in schools (without age restrictions).

Individual lessons

If you want your child to create professionally at the age of 6, send him to individual lessons. Their advantages are that:

• the teacher visits you at a convenient time;
• you choose the program in which the child will study (for example, drawing portraits);
• Lessons are paid according to the fact of the lesson.

Individual lessons also have disadvantages: they are not cheap, and finding a good teacher can be difficult.

Summing up

Any way to teach a child to draw is good - both at 1 year old and at 5 years old, because it develops imagination and allows you to spend a little more time with your baby.

At the same time, it is not so important whether you will strictly follow a certain methodology or develop an individual artistic program on your own. It is important that these activities are interesting for the child and are varied.

And even if your baby does not grow up in the future real artist, drawing lessons will still have a beneficial effect on his development and the correct perception of the world around him.

In this article:

Modern pedagogy seeks to develop talents and creative thinking in children. One of the ways to work with kids preschool age- Painting. It’s easier to learn how to express your feelings and emotions, talk about your experiences.

The development of creative thinking will help the child in the future. Why not do it? Your child may well discover a real talent! To do this, teachers are encouraged to show children different ways of drawing..

Game approaches and rewards are used to motivate creativity. For children, this is an immersion in a fairy tale, which they themselves create on a piece of paper. Bright colors and pencils, a calm atmosphere and a friendly attitude of a teacher or parent - this is necessary in order to little artist revealed his soul.

Do not set bans, do not scold children - they are just trying to show you what and how they think. For the development of the emotional sphere, drawing is one of the best methods.

Why teach children to draw?

Children are usually drawn to draw themselves. For them, this is a very simple but interesting process - a pen or pencil obeys their movements. At first, the drawings make no sense - it's just a set of dashes and squiggles.

Then the parents show the children how to draw correctly.. After that, the child discovers this most interesting view creativity. Of course, there are a variety of drawing techniques for children of all ages - do not limit yourself to pencils or paints.

In drawing we open ourselves to the world. We demonstrate what we want to say or show, but cannot do it with words.

It is best to start lessons at an early preschool age.: kids are very sensitive these days..

This is also important because at the age of 3-4 years, logical and abstract thinking begins to actively develop. Drawing is not only sketching, but also an endless field for the imagination.

invent a world portray the heroes of fairy tales the way a child sees them, to paint familiar objects in the most unusual colors - this is what this type of creativity gives us. We can be free to do what we do, to change the world the way we like. Children who are engaged since childhood (not just drawing, but parents or teachers really work with them), subsequently they make great strides in their studies and social interactions.

What gives us drawing

The development of creative skill helps children. For many this is great. way to loosen up to remove some internal mental restrictions. This is the basis that allows the child to reveal their creative abilities. At all
it is not necessary that he will draw in the future.

Perhaps modeling, music, literature will attract him more. But the main lesson has already been learned: showing yourself to the world, opening your thoughts is not scary.

With the development of the skill of drawing comes a better understanding of oneself. The formation of one's own "I" is faster, because a person has found another way to connect his inner world with the outer world - to transfer his experiences, fears to paper, to talk about what he loves and appreciates.
It's much easier to get to know the world and other people.

It is impossible to evaluate the creativity of children negatively - this will only create mental problems or exacerbate them. Creativity must be, on the one hand, free, but on the other hand, it must have meaning, purpose. What does the artist want to convey to us? To begin with, this goal will be set by the teacher, and then little artist he can do it himself. And not only in drawing, but in study, communication, work.

Formation of creative thinking

Preschool children have great potential that needs to be developed. Now their brain is able to develop very intensively if you give it food. Simple Methods drawings quickly get bored by children. Interesting, non-standard materials and image methods attract them the most. After all, such an activity is akin to a game.

You give the child the most ordinary objects, but show how they can be used to create a picture. It is in the free visual activity highest brain benefit. The development of thinking, self-expression is the main task now. You can not only prepare your child for school, but also form his desire for creative activity.

Child's self-expression

Children do not always have a way to express their thoughts and feelings. This is especially true for babies 2-4 years old. They still not very good at speaking, but through drawing they can tell us a lot about themselves, the world around them, their family and their problems.

Through drawing, these problems can be
decide. Active brain development during this period helps develop talents. And creative activity, in turn, has a beneficial effect on the personality of the child.

The development of his abilities must take place next to a person who can guide him - few of the children began to draw on their own and achieved great success.

Now in all kindergartens, educators actively involve kids in creative expression. It helps to adapt to new conditions, learn to focus on the process. Any creativity is an incentive for learning and development.

How to teach children to draw?

For kids, this is a fun and useful activity. In the process of creativity, they often find themselves.

4 methods for teaching drawing

These are the main methods that a teacher uses to teach a child (or adult) something. For preschool children, they are all suitable, and are used depending on the situation and the goals of the work.. They are listed in a certain sequence - according to the degree of independence.

You need to start with the method that provides for demonstrating an example. This makes it easier to learn something new. The further the classes progress, the more room for children's creativity should remain. They are no longer constrained by frames - now abstract thinking is able to set goals itself.

Information-receptive method

The teacher shows how to work - how to use paints, brushes, pencils, draw with fingers, etc.

He makes a pattern - simple but understandable. Children watch, ask questions if something is unclear. At this stage, the teacher introduces them to the world of drawing, gives them basic knowledge.

His work is a kind of pattern that the first time the children will try to repeat. They definitely need to be told that this is a teacher's drawing, and their version can be the same, similar or completely different. So far, children are a little afraid to “create” themselves, but they need to be set up for this.

Playback method

Helps to bring some skills to automatism. Here, children repeat the same action until it becomes fixed and becomes a skill. Suitable for working with new material, non-standard methods creativity that children have not yet seen. This is “learning”, which will then help them freely, without hesitation, use the new skill already to create their own work.

Heuristic approach

The teacher gives more independence to the child, allowing him to continue the given thought. Here you can see how each student's approach to drawing is different. For example, a theme is set and some obligatory objects in the picture - everything else will be the choice of the child. What else to show? What characters to add? At this stage of learning, the active development of abstract thinking and imagination begins.

Researcher method

Free creativity. Children may have a common theme for work. For example, they are asked to draw a picture on the topic
"autumn". It can be anything - how a child sees, knows, perceives autumn.

The development of his work here is connected with experience, sensitive perception, personal attitude. All works are different - this is the meaning of the lesson. This is the creation of our own world on paper, looking at which it is easier for us to understand the child.

How can you stimulate the desire to draw?

Sometimes, in order for the drawing to be more emotional and reflect the child's experiences, it is necessary to further stimulate his imagination and psyche. There are several simple methods that teachers in kindergartens and special drawing circles know.

A game

Creativity is presented as a game. Many ways to implement. For example, children are divided into several teams,
which compete with each other.

The task can be shared by the whole team, or everyone contributes by making a specific drawing. Then they all discuss together. work results, communicate with each other. This is an important incentive: children should not be shy about showing their drawings.. Of course, everyone will receive an award for participating in this contest-game.

sudden surprise

Appearance fairy tale hero. This can be organized in different ways. He calls the children into his world, offering them some kind of task. Such lively, fun lessons can be held before the holidays. Santa Claus comes to the children with gifts and asks to draw christmas pictures, tells them a story, offering to illustrate it.

Help

Little children know many stories about helping the weak. They will not refuse to help if someone asks them. The teacher brings a toy to class, such as a kitten or dog.

This character asks for help - to draw for him a warm house for the winter or a loving family in which he could go to live. There are many options in this situation. Children are happy to realize their ideas. After all, while their speech is not yet so well developed, drawing is actually the easiest. This lesson develops emotional sphere, empathy, empathy.

Emotions of the educator

A good incentive will be the emotions of the educator himself. Children see that he is also involved in the activity. It can be an expressive story or reading a poem or fairy tale to children. Based on the story, you need to create a drawing. It is interesting how the emotions of one person pass to another. All this is aimed at developing the emotional sphere necessary for creativity.

Creation of comfortable conditions

The first thing a teacher or teacher needs to do is to create comfortable conditions for creativity. There should be enough light in the classroom. This is an important condition, because in low light you can
seriously damage your eyesight.

Psychologists advise turning on quiet, pleasant music: it does not distract children, but allows them to immerse themselves in search of new ideas.

The most important thing here is psychological comfort. Children should focus on drawing, not being distracted by noise, conversations, and other activities. The teacher needs to be disciplined. There are always children who want to do something else, to attract attention with jokes. This must be avoided. Children 3-5 years old cannot concentrate for a long time, therefore The lesson should take no more than 20-25 minutes. This time should be used to the maximum.

Formulation of the problem

For children, you need to set a task. It is still difficult for kids to decide on the theme, colors themselves, they are not fully aware of their capabilities. The problem statement should be clear, but allow the child to express his attitude towards
topic of work. Otherwise, you will get exactly the same pictures, devoid of logic, soul, emotions.

It is very important to introduce children to pictures. famous artists. Tell them a little about choosing a theme, talk about the painting. Let the children express their attitude towards her - even simple words"I like her" means a lot. This is how a drawing teacher instills in children a sense of harmony, beauty, color, and aesthetics.

materials

Skill development is impossible if you always have monotonous materials: a white sheet of paper, 12 colored pencils ... It's boring, but at preschool age, a child needs to constantly learn something new: this
gives an incentive for the development of his psyche and motor skills.

Drawing can be very diverse. Pencils, paints, colored markers - this is just the beginning. To create paintings, you can use glue and applications, sparkles, voluminous objects that become part of the picture.

The more ideas a teacher has, the more emotional response he will receive from his students. It is important for children to have a choice. Someone is not given paint, but he makes very beautiful applications, he knows how to accurately color pictures. Offer them different types works, and the material itself will be found. The more complex and diverse it is, the more active the brain works.. This is a great training for fine motor skills and situational logic.

You can place different materials in the center of the room. Tell the children that they can choose whatever they like to create a work on a particular topic.

There are no "losers" here, but there are 10-15 completely different views of children to our world. Of course, this way it will be more interesting for them to create something, because they do not need to follow strict rules, but they can choose, try, explore their capabilities.

images

To begin with, simple and understandable are chosen: heroes of fairy tales, toys, animals, family members. All that is already familiar. Once children will get used to with the technique of work (it doesn’t matter which one), you can introduce new images, connect your imagination. For example, tell the children about the different birds that live in your area. Show them pictures, tell something about them. And then offer to invent your own bird and a story about it:

• where he lives;
• what does it do;
• what he eats;
• where it flies.

The active development of the imagination will be based on the images already seen. So the child can come up with a truly fabulous bird. In the same way, you can introduce other images that are interesting for children.

Job discussion

Do not leave pictures without comments. For preschool children, it is important to get " feedback". The fact is that this is the motivator of their creativity. They are used to that a correctly performed action is followed by the praise of an adult.

At home, these are parents, and in a kindergarten or in a circle - a teacher. It is important for children to know what adults think about their pictures, works. The opinion of friends is also important.

Leave 5 minutes to comment on each picture. Or suggest waiting for the paint to dry, then hang all the drawings on the board and talk about them. You can invite each kid to say a few words about what he has drawn. The main thing is that the environment for discussion should be psychologically comfortable. Be sure to praise the whole picture or some of its details.

For children 3-4 years old, criticism still seems to be an aggressive action. Better save it for older kids. At the age of 5-6, mental mechanisms for evaluating oneself, the “social self”, develop. You can already tell the child that, for example, the idea is very interesting, but he did the picture inaccurately. Maybe he wants to change it?

What to do if it doesn't work?

Well, not everyone can be an artist. Do not focus on the fact that the child does not succeed. Offer to help him: draw something, correct it. And do it
need to be very delicate.

The child becomes very offended if something does not work out only for him alone, and the teacher praises others. This can disappoint him and lay the foundation for low self-esteem and complexes.

There is no such thing as "bad drawing". All children draw in the best way they can, which means that this is how they communicate with the world. They trusted you with their vision - respect that. Teach the less successful in the same way as others, show different techniques.

Perhaps in one of them the child will find himself. It is important here that the teacher understands: all children are different, and some have very well developed abstract thinking, while others do not. But this is no reason to be upset.

In itself, drawing is very useful for the development of the psyche. Actions, movement, choice of color and shape - that's what really matters.

Hand movements help the nervous system develop, fingers become more sensitive, they can perform small movements. Logic works, children remember everything they know about the subject they draw. They have succeed anyway.

Drawing techniques for children of all ages

The main thing is that the children should be interested, otherwise the very essence of the process is lost. Forcibly creating is a waste of time. Children are happy to do what helps them, gives them a reason to be proud of themselves. This is an important incentive for the child to create something for which he will be praised.

Then he begins to see himself differently: significant, important
, interesting. With the realization of such qualities, much changes in the mental life of the baby. It is much easier for him to make friends, he is happy to try new things without fear of failure.

You will achieve excellent results if you combine the creative process and learning. The diversity of nature, the change of seasons, countries and cities, the family - anything can be a topic for drawing. Tell us a little about the subject you are doing in the lesson, show photos, pictures, filmstrip. In this simple way, you can even learn how to write letters and numbers.

younger age

Finger painting is great for toddlers. This method is simple: the child dips his finger in paint and draws on the paper. Make sure that the paints are natural, not chemical.

This method is considered therapeutically useful: it develops fine motor skills and has a beneficial effect on the nervous system. The connections of the fingers with the brain are activated - now it will be easier for the child to cope with small movements, because his fingers have become more active. He can draw with one finger, two or all five - the choice of technique is up to the child.

At the moment of creativity, some parts of the brain are activated, while others, on the contrary, calm down - this way you can relieve stress, fear, negative thoughts. The kid tunes in to thinking, his pressure and pulse return to normal. This method of creative relaxation can be used after physical activity. It will allow, for example, to prepare
to sleep.

The main thing is that finger painting is an easy way. It doesn't need anything extra. The baby's fingers are the "brushes" for drawing. So it is easier for him to get acquainted with the very type of creativity. This is one of the first opportunities to express your own "I", to tell the world about how the baby sees colors, colors, shapes.

Junior preschool age

Now it is already easier for children to draw, because they know more about the world. Simple pictures can be made more interesting. For example, invite them to dip cotton swab in gouache and draw with the “poke method”. The drawing will consist of dots and lines - this is an exciting activity that
adults should love it. It is useful for developing a sense of color and harmony in the drawing.

Another interesting way of drawing for children is “manifesting drawings”. The contours must be applied with a wax pencil (colored or colorless), an ordinary candle may also work for this. Then watercolor paint is applied to the drawing.

The paint will flow from the wax, and the hidden pattern will appear. For children, this is real magic. They can make each other "surprises": draw their idea, and then exchange sheets for "manifestation".

Developing techniques are suitable for younger preschoolers. You can already combine art and knowledge. Walking in the park or in front of the kindergarten, collect the autumn leaves of different trees. The teacher can talk about the diversity of nature, learn to determine by the leaves which tree they belong to.

With these dry leaves, a new possibility for painting appears - the "leaf printing method". Paint is applied to a strong leaf. After that, it must be gently pressed against a sheet of paper.

Show the children how it's done. After a few seconds, simply remove the leaf by the handle - an openwork print will remain on the paper. Invite the children to create a bouquet of different leaves. This beautiful technique will allow you to transfer the structure of a dry tree leaf onto paper.- Expressive and quite realistic pictures are obtained.

senior preschool age

For senior preschool age (5-6 years old), an interesting creative technique is suitable - monotype. It gives complete freedom of action and stimulates the imagination. With it, you can draw the sky or the seabed.

This is the principle of imprint. The paint is applied to a smooth, even surface (this can be a smooth piece of plastic). Children need to be explained that everything needs to be done quickly, before the paint dries. Multiple colors and shades can be combined. Then applied to the painted surface. white sheet of paper and smoothes out.

You can apply it several times, gradually shifting. Then you get a smooth transition colors. If you want to depict the seabed, then it can be blue, blue, purple, turquoise tones. Here you can teach children to pre-mix paints to get shades.

When the background is ready, you can start creating: children draw pebbles, algae, colorful fish. Monotype - a combination of several creative approaches. Each time you get new drawings, because it all depends on what colors and in what sequence are applied to the plastic "matrix". Beyond that, it's just imagination.

Parents and children: joint creativity

Psychologists often recommend that children with social and communication problems engage in drawing at home with their parents. This is an easy way to help kids deal with their fears, tightness, low self-esteem.

If it is not possible to send the child to kindergarten or take classes, then you can do the same at home..

A parent can initiate the development of interest in creative activities. You need to create comfortable conditions at home, offer big choice topics, materials, stories to interest the child. This will help children with problems more easily adapt to social life.

Help start

Show your child how to draw. Practice the simplest forms together. Children 3-4 years old do not make sense to give difficult tasks. For now fine motor skills only
develops - they see the world easier than we do. And yet a start has been made - the child became interested in drawing.

Now for a while you need to offer him ideas or study together. For those who have a delay in psychomotor or emotional development, it is harder to start drawing on their own, invent stories for themselves. You can repeat the same models and techniques that are given to toddlers in kindergarten- an illustration for a fairy tale, for example.

Joint drawing - help in adaptation

For very closed children who have problems with expressing their emotions, speech delay, “drawing treatment” is offered. You need to draw with your mother, for example. You
there should be one sheet of paper on which you draw something together.

For starters, mom can draw half the shape, and the kid will draw. He may not let you into his "space" on the sheet, close. Over time, when self-confidence appears, it will open.

Joint drawing is not only the first step for the development of creativity for such children, but also a significant help to them. In the process, trust develops, boundaries disappear. Now it becomes easier to communicate with the child through the drawing. Your themes and motives should be friendly: houses, sunshine, summer, family.

All this causes a strong emotional response. Nobody said that he would come right away.

Often you need to draw together for a long time and hard so that the baby copes with his internal problems. When he starts doing it with you willingly, without fear - the goal is achieved.. He got better. This method is used for children with psychological trauma, difficult adaptation in society.

Praise and remark

In a drawing class or at home - all the actions of an adult are aimed at developing the child's own vision, opinions about an object or phenomenon. It doesn't have to match yours or anyone else's.

Of course, children at any age should not be scolded for drawings. This is their vision of the world, as well as the possibilities of their motor skills. Not everyone learns to draw professionally..

This skill is given to us partly by nature. Creativity requires a predisposition. In childhood, it is easiest to learn how to correctly portray your thoughts if there is praise. Young children will be delighted with small competitions where everyone gets an encouragement - you can award each of them a victory in a certain "category".

The older the kid, the more actively he has an interest in competitive activities. Then you can already choose the winner or several winners from the group. This The method is also suitable for those who practice at home. Be sure to praise the baby, point to interesting moments pattern, color choice.

Even if in the future he does not become an artist, a graphic artist, he will not have any connection with art at all, the concepts of aesthetics and color harmony laid down in childhood will greatly help him in life. Many adults do not know how to draw, and when asked to draw something, they react with a sharp refusal. Perhaps someone in childhood laughed at their drawings, condemned them. This should not be done, even if the parent or teacher kindly criticizes the work. The child gets upset and remembers it for a long time.

Don't scold children

Scolding for spilled paint on the floor is one thing, but for drawing it is quite another. The essence of this process is to learn to express yourself, to think creatively, to create. Who can condemn a child who has recreated on a sheet of paper the whole world of his imagination? If something seems illogical or strange to you, gently talk to your baby.

Why did you draw this?

What does this mean?

Why did you choose these colors?

Why is this character/object in the picture?

Having discussed everything calmly, you can get interesting answers. For example, some educators want to achieve realism in the work of children as soon as possible. This is a normal practice, because it makes no sense to get stuck at the level of 3-4 years.

Development
realistic drawing is an important task. But in no case should you scold a child for depicting a smile and hands near the sun. It is better to show him finished works - landscapes, portraits, still lifes. Explain the difference between drawing styles.

Everything that children do is not wrong. They see it that way. You can develop a sense of beauty in them, improve their work. For this, there should be no aggression, insults, public criticism of the work. A simple conversation will help put everything in its place. Otherwise, you will only get a reluctance to develop further and a refusal to draw.

Today, every parent and teacher knows important role drawing for intellectual and aesthetic development child. By drawing, children learn about the world around them, its objects and phenomena, express their thoughts and feelings, develop creative abilities. A drawing is a dialogue between a child and the world, and its importance cannot be overestimated.

In childhood, everyone draws without exception. Children's drawings evolve from scribbles and splashes of color to a meaningful image. More recently, it was believed that teaching children the basics of drawing should take place according to ready-made templates. Today, these ideas are outdated. Modern pedagogy is based on encouraging children to be independent.

Children have a tremendous interest in drawing, inexhaustible imagination and high activity. They themselves invent and develop plots, compose compositions, choose colors, the main thing is not to interfere with them and not to impose their own, adult vision of the world. The task of a modern teacher in this creative process is to guide, explain the essence and principle of work, but at the same time not to limit the flight of the child's imagination, not to suppress his independence.

How to teach a child to draw? Ready recipes no and cannot be. Learning to draw is no less a creative process than the art itself. For each child, for each group, it is necessary to find an individual approach. There are only some general recommendations that can greatly facilitate the task of the teacher, become pointing signs in his creative search.

basis visual arts is the ability to see the world around us in all its diversity, without depriving even the smallest details of attention. Teaching children to draw involves not only and not so much familiarization with the basic techniques of drawing and learning to handle tools and materials.

The main task of the teacher is to teach children to see beauty around them, even in small things, even in the most ordinary things. Having learned to see objects and phenomena, responding with their soul to the beauty of the world around them, children receive material for their work. This is what constitutes aesthetic education and serves as the basis for any children's creativity.

Teaching children to see the world around them, the teacher simultaneously introduces children to the main means of depicting various objects and phenomena. However, for more effective learning, you need to know some age features. children's drawing. Children in their drawings do not just depict the surrounding objects and fantasize, they also express their attitude to the depicted things and phenomena.

Attitude can be conveyed by color, size, embellishments, and so on. Therefore, children's drawings are often disproportionate. Violation of proportions in a drawing is not a sign of a child's inability to draw, it is information about what he highlights as the main thing and what he considers secondary. In addition, children younger age secondary things for them do not draw at all. So, depicting a face, a child can limit himself to only the most noticeable features - eyes, mouth, hair, and miss everything else.

With regard to perspective, children learn to convey distance only at an older age and only after special training. Drawings of preschool children flat. The composition of a children's drawing is no less peculiar - young children do not build a drawing plan in advance, but in the process of drawing they fill out free space on the sheet. In this case, the objects are drawn each separately, without blocking each other. How to draw perspective, how to build a composition and indicate the scale, children will learn later, in drawing lessons.

When teaching children to draw, the teacher chooses the topic of the drawing. The lesson can be devoted to subject drawing (children depict any object), plot (drawing according to a given plot), decorative drawing (children master the ornament, its main plots and elements) or drawing on free theme. Techniques for teaching children to draw for each age group will vary.

Learning to draw begins at the age of three. Children of the younger age group are already showing interest in drawing on paper various things that are interesting for the child. Doodles are replaced by associations, and then by objects. However subject drawing it is still difficult for kids, because they are easily distracted, and easily lose the original idea, coming up with new details. At this age, the task of the teacher is to teach the basics. How to hold a brush and pencil correctly, how to use paints, how the sheet is oriented, and so on.

The basics also include elementary methods of image. Three-year-old children need to be told about geometric shapes, how they differ, what objects can be depicted using a circle, square, triangle, oval. Children learn to draw lines of different types, use them in drawing.

At the age of four, when depicting and describing objects, children can already cover not one or two, but several signs. As a result, the images acquire details, become more believable, they contain not only pure colors, but also shades begin to appear. At this age, children have already mastered the basic skills of drawing. They know how to hold a brush and a pencil, confidently use paints.

For four-year-olds, object drawing is already more accessible, they can depict objects quite accurately, with a more complex contour than a simple one. geometric figure. At this age, children are taught new drawing techniques (points, strokes), a drawing is introduced on a given topic, which implies the image of several objects on one sheet.

Five-year-old children are already learning the basics of composition, learning to maintain scale. At the same time, the drawings themselves become more detailed and expressive, but the objects still remain more or less schematic. Individual traits children learn to depict objects at an older age. teaching drawing to schoolchildren involves improving previously acquired visual skills, as well as obtaining new ones. At this age, children learn to depict perspective, volume, light and shadow.

. Modeling lessons For children's creativity, two main materials are used - clay and plasticine. Each of them has its own characteristics in work, advantages and disadvantages.