Russian folk tales to read for children 5. List of Russian folk tales. Russian folk tale "Cockerel and a bean seed"

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7. Masha and the Bear

8. Frost

9. A man and a bear (Tops and roots)

10. Cockerel - Golden comb and millstones

11. By the pike's command

13. Sister Alyonushka and brother Ivanushka

14. Sivka-Burka

15. Snow Maiden

16. Teremok

5. Legless and armless heroes

6. The legless and blind heroes

8. Birch and three falcons

9. Brothers-hunters

10. Bulat is a good fellow

11. Bukhtan Bukhtanovich

14. Witch and Solntseva sister

15. Prophetic boy

16. Prophetic dream

17. In the forehead the sun, on the back of the head a month, on the sides of the star

18. War of the mushrooms

19. Magic water

22. Magic berries

23. Magic horse

24. Clay guy

28. Two from the bag

29. Girl in the well

30. Wooden Eagle

31. Elena the Wise

32. Emelya the Fool

33. The Firebird and Vasilisa the Princess

34. Enchanted princess

35. Animal milk

36. The Golden Slipper

37. Golden Cockerel

38. Dawn, Vechorka and Midnight

39. Ivan - the widow's son

40. Ivan - the son of a cow

41. Ivan - a peasant son and Chudo-Yudo

42. Ivan is a peasant's son

43. Ivan the Bestalny and Elena the Wise

44. Ivan is a peasant son and a peasant himself with a feather, a mustache seven miles away

45. Ivan Tsarevich and the White Glade

47. Kikimora

51. Horse, tablecloth and horn

52. The prince and his uncle

55. Flying Ship

57. Dashing one-eyed

58. Lutonyushka

59. Boy with a finger

60. Marya Morevna

61. Marya-beauty - long braid

62. Masha and the Bear

63. Medvedko, Usynya, Gorynya and Duginya heroes

64. Copper, silver and gold kingdoms

67. Wise Maiden

68. The Wise Maiden and the Seven Thieves

69. Wise Wife

70. Wise Answers

71. Nesmeyana-princess

72. Night Dance

73. Petrified Kingdom

74. Shepherd's pipe

75. Cockerel - Golden comb and millstones

76. Finist's feather is clear of the falcon

77. Knee-deep in gold, elbow-deep in silver

78. By the Pike's Command

79. Go there - I don't know where, bring that - I don't know what

80. Truth and Krivda

81. Feigned illness

82. About a stupid snake and a smart soldier

83. Bird's tongue

84. Rogues

85. Seven Simeons

86. Silver Saucer and Pouring Apple

87. Sister Alyonushka and brother Ivanushka

88.Sivka-Burka

89. The Tale of Vasilisa, the Golden Scythe, and Ivan Gorokh

90. The Tale of the Bone Breaker Bear and Ivan, the Merchant's Son

91. The tale of rejuvenating apples and living water

92. The Tale of Ivan the Tsarevich, the Firebird and the Gray Wolf

93. The Tale of the Brave Knight Ukrom-Tabunshchik

94. Tablecloth, ram and suma

95. Fast Messenger

96. Snow Maiden

97. Snow Maiden and Fox

98. The soldier rescues the princess

99. Sun, Month and Raven Voronovich

100. Suma, give me some mind!

101. Tereshechka

102. Three kingdoms - copper, silver and gold

103. Finist - Clear Falcon

105. Tricky Science

106. Crystal Mountain

107. The Princess Solving Riddles

110. Tsar Maiden

111. The Bear Tsar

112. Chivy, chivy, chivychok ...

113. Wonderful Shirt

114. Wonderful little shoes

115. Wonderful Box

8. Wolf, Quail and Dergun

10. The crow and cancer

11. Where was the goat?

12. Silly wolf

13. Crane and Heron

14. For a lapot - a chicken, for a chicken - a goose

16. Hares and frogs

17. Animals in the pit

18. Hibernation of animals

19. Golden horse

20. Golden Cockerel

21. How the wolf became a bird

22. How the fox learned to fly

23. How a fox sewed a fur coat for a wolf

27. Cat - gray forehead, goat and ram

28. Cat and Fox

29. Cat, Rooster and Fox

30. Cochet and chicken

31. Curve duck

32. Kuzma the quick-rich

33. Hen, mouse and black grouse

34. Lion, Pike and Man

35. Fox - Wanderer

36. Fox and Thrush

37. Fox and Crane

38. Fox and goat

39. Fox and a pitcher

40. Fox and Bast

41. Fox and cancer

44. Fox Confessor

45. Midwife Fox

46. ​​Fox-girl and Kotofey Ivanovich

47. Sister Fox and Wolf

48. Masha and the Bear

49. Bear - lime leg

50. Bear and Fox

51. Bear and Dog

52. A man and a bear (Tops and roots)

53. Man, Bear and Fox

54. Mouse and Sparrow

55. Frightened Wolves

56. Frightened Bear and Wolves

57. Wrong Bird Judgment

58. No goat with nuts

59. About Vaska - Muska

60. About the toothy pike

61. Sheep, fox and wolf

62. Rooster and Bobble

63. Rooster and Hen

64. Cockerel

65. Cockerel - Golden comb and millstones

66. By the Pike's Command

67. Promised

68. About a toothy mouse and a rich sparrow

69. About the old woman and the bull

71. Mitten

72. The tale of Ruff Ershovich, the son of Shchetinnikov

73. The Tale of Ivan the Tsarevich, the Firebird and the Gray Wolf

74. Tar goby

75. The Old Man and the Wolf

If you close your eyes and go back in time for a moment, you can imagine how ordinary Russian people lived. They lived in large families in wooden huts, heated the stoves with wood, and the light was given to them by home-made dry torches. Poor Russian people did not have television or the Internet, and what could they do when they were not working in the field? They rested, dreamed and listened to good fairy tales!

In the evening, the whole family gathered in the same room, the children settled down on the stove, and the women did their homework. At this time, the turn of Russian folk tales began. In every village or hamlet there lived a woman storyteller, she replaced the radio for people and beautifully sang old legends. The kids listened with their mouths open, and the girls sang along quietly and spun or embroidered to a good fairy tale.

What did the respected storytellers tell the people about?

Good things were kept in memory a large number of folk tales, legends and epics. All their lives they brought light to ordinary peasants, and in old age they passed on their knowledge to the following talented storytellers. Most of the legends were based on real life events, but over the years the tales acquired fictitious details and acquired a special Russian flavor.

Note to readers!

The most famous storyteller in Russia and Finland is a simple peasant serf Praskovya Nikitichna, married to Vaska. She knew 32,000 verses and fairy tales, 1152 songs, 1750 proverbs, 336 riddles and a large number of prayers. On the basis of her stories, hundreds of books and poetry collections have been written, but with all her talents, Praskovya Nikitichna lived in poverty all her life and even worked as a barge haule.

Another storyteller known throughout Russia is Pushkin's nanny Arina Rodionovna. This is her with early childhood instilled in the poet a love for Russian fairy tales, and on the basis of her old stories, Alexander Sergeevich wrote his great works.

What do Russian fairy tales tell about?

Fairy tales invented common people are an encyclopedia folk wisdom... Through uncomplicated stories, workers and peasants presented their vision of the world and transmitted information in encrypted form to the next generations.

Old Russian fairy tales are divided into three types:

Animal Tales... V folk stories there are funny characters that are especially close to ordinary Russian people. A club-footed bear, a little fox-sister, a runaway bunny, a little mouse, a frog-frog are endowed with pronounced human qualities. In the fairy tale "Masha and the Bear" Potapych is kind, but stupid, in the story about the Seven Little Goats the wolf is cunning and gluttonous, and in the fairy tale "Bunny Bunny" the hare is cowardly and boastful. It is time for children from 2-3 years old to join kind Russian fairy tales and, using the example of funny characters with pronounced characters, learn to distinguish between positive and negative heroes.

Magic mystical tales... In Russian fairy tales, there are many interesting mystical characters that could outshine the famous American heroes. Baba Yaga Bone Leg, Serpent Gorynych and Koschey the Immortal are distinguished by their realism and have lived in good folk tales for several centuries. With the mystical heroes who kept the people in fear, they fought epic heroes and brave noble princes. And the beautiful needlewomen Vasilisa the Beautiful, Marya, Varvara Krasa fought against evil spirits with intelligence, cunning and ingenuity.

Tales about the life of the common Russian people... Through the wise fairy tales people talked about their existence and passed on the accumulated knowledge from generation to generation. A striking example is the fairy tale "Kolobok". Here the old man and the old woman bake an unusual roll, and they call the clear sun to forever warm our native land... The hot bun-sun sets off on a journey and meets the winter-hare, spring-wolf, summer-bear and autumn-fox. A delicious gingerbread man dies in the teeth of a voracious fox, but then reborn again and begins a new life cycle of the eternal mother nature.

The page of our site contains the most beloved and popular best Russian fairy tales. Texts with beautiful pictures and illustrations in the style of lacquer miniatures, reading fairy tales is especially pleasant. They bring to children the invaluable wealth of the Russian language, and drawings and large print allow you to quickly memorize plots and new words, instill a love of reading books. All fairy tales are recommended reading at night. Parents will be able to read aloud to the child and convey to the child the meaning inherent in wise old fairy tales.

The page with Russian folk tales is a collection of children's literature. Educators can use the library for reading lessons in kindergarten and at school, and in the family circle it is easy to perform performances with the participation of heroes from Russian folk tales.

Read Russians folk tales free online with your kids and absorb the wisdom of generations gone by!

An invaluable source of wisdom and inspiration for a child. In this section, you can read your favorite fairy tales online for free and give children the first critical lessons world order and morality. It is from the magical narrative that children learn about good and evil, and also that these concepts are far from absolute. Each fairy tale presents her short description , which will help parents choose a topic that is relevant for the child's age and provide him with a choice.

The name of the tale	A source	Rating
Vasilisa the Beautiful	Russian traditional	436564
Morozko	Russian traditional	304419
Aibolit	Korney Chukovsky	1244492
The Adventures of Sinbad the Sailor	Arabian tale	267541
snowman	Andersen H.K.	159268
Moidodyr	Korney Chukovsky	1232445
Ax porridge	Russian traditional	328344
The Scarlet Flower	Aksakov S.T.	1770752
Teremok	Russian traditional	513837
Fly Tsokotukha	Korney Chukovsky	1357361
Mermaid	Andersen H.K.	558118
Fox and crane	Russian traditional	253954
Barmaley	Korney Chukovsky	563596
Fedorino grief	Korney Chukovsky	962946
Sivka-Burka	Russian traditional	233813
Lukomorya has a green oak	Pushkin A.S.	934909
Twelve months	Samuel Marshak	1055088
The Bremen Town Musicians	The brothers grimm	302830
Puss in Boots	Charles Perrault	516002
The Tale of Tsar Saltan	Pushkin A.S.	757944
The Tale of the Fisherman and the Fish	Pushkin A.S.	690592
The tale of dead princess and seven heroes	Pushkin A.S.	346650
The tale of the golden cockerel	Pushkin A.S.	284137
Thumbelina	Andersen H.K.	252541
The Snow Queen	Andersen H.K.	291495
Skorokhody	Andersen H.K.	35888
sleeping Beauty	Charles Perrault	136956
Little Red Riding Hood	Charles Perrault	296861
Tom Thumb	Charles Perrault	210817
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs	The brothers grimm	199024
Snow White and Scarlet	The brothers grimm	50690
The wolf and the seven Young goats	The brothers grimm	167147
Hare and hedgehog	The brothers grimm	152885
Mistress Blizzard	The brothers grimm	107597
Sweet porridge	The brothers grimm	217036
Princess on the Pea	Andersen H.K.	131870
Crane and Heron	Russian traditional	37967
Cinderella	Charles Perrault	458464
The tale of the stupid mouse	Samuel Marshak	408045
Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves	Arabian tale	164848
Aladdin's magic lamp	Arabian tale	289186
Cat, rooster and fox	Russian traditional	166320
Ryaba chicken	Russian traditional	411129
Fox and cancer	Russian traditional	103622
Sister fox and wolf	Russian traditional	109513
Masha and the Bear	Russian traditional	340763
The sea king and Vasilisa the wise	Russian traditional	110206
Snow Maiden	Russian traditional	69224
Three pigs	Russian traditional	2360478
ugly duck	Andersen H.K.	153885
Wild swan	Andersen H.K.	70598
Flint	Andersen H.K.	85576
Ole Lukkoye	Andersen H.K.	153817
Persistent tin soldier	Andersen H.K.	55128
Baba Yaga	Russian traditional	154777
Magic pipe	Russian traditional	158745
Magic ring	Russian traditional	192490
Grief	Russian traditional	26058
Swan geese	Russian traditional	122040
Daughter and stepdaughter	Russian traditional	27824
Ivan Tsarevich and the Grey Wolf	Russian traditional	85598
Treasure	Russian traditional	57515
Gingerbread man	Russian traditional	201483
Living water	The brothers grimm	98864
Rapunzel	The brothers grimm	173030
Rumplestiltskin	The brothers grimm	53537
Pot of porridge	The brothers grimm	94125
King Thrushbeard	The brothers grimm	32863
Little people	The brothers grimm	73223
Hansel and Gretel	The brothers grimm	38982
Golden goose	The brothers grimm	49052
Mistress Blizzard	The brothers grimm	25980
Trampled shoes	The brothers grimm	38392
Straw, ember and bean	The brothers grimm	32790
Twelve brothers	The brothers grimm	26200
Spindle, shuttle and needle	The brothers grimm	31324
Friendship of a cat and a mouse	The brothers grimm	44722
Kinglet and bear	The brothers grimm	31348
Royal children	The brothers grimm	27779
Brave little tailor	The brothers grimm	40526
crystal ball	The brothers grimm	81701
Queen of bees	The brothers grimm	54403
Smart Gretel	The brothers grimm	25663
Three lucky ones	The brothers grimm	25945
Three spinners	The brothers grimm	25166
Three serpentine leaves	The brothers grimm	25951
Three brothers	The brothers grimm	25978
Old man from glass mountain	The brothers grimm	25852
The Tale of the Fisherman and His Wife	The brothers grimm	25427
Underground man	The brothers grimm	38479
Donkey	The brothers grimm	28090
Ocheski	The brothers grimm	24135
The Frog King, or Iron Henry	The brothers grimm	25933
Six swans	The brothers grimm	34341
Marya Morevna	Russian traditional	61720
Wonderful miracle, wonderful miracle	Russian traditional	51654
Two frosts	Russian traditional	50270
Most precious	Russian traditional	41823
Wonderful shirt	Russian traditional	50565
Frost and hare	Russian traditional	51011
How the fox learned to fly	Russian traditional	59752
Ivan the Fool	Russian traditional	46013
Fox and pitcher	Russian traditional	32717
Bird tongue	Russian traditional	28470
Soldier and devil	Russian traditional	26790
Crystal mountain	Russian traditional	33111
Tricky science	Russian traditional	36040
Smart guy	Russian traditional	27690
Snow Maiden and Fox	Russian traditional	77348
Word	Russian traditional	26957
Swift messenger	Russian traditional	26642
Seven Simeons	Russian traditional	26390
About grandmother old woman	Russian traditional	29315
Go there - I don't know where, bring that - I don't know what	Russian traditional	65499
By the pike's command	Russian traditional	93358
Rooster and grinder	Russian traditional	25888
Shepherd's Pipe	Russian traditional	55575
Petrified kingdom	Russian traditional	27005
About rejuvenating apples and living water	Russian traditional	49050
Goat Dereza	Russian traditional	45669
Ilya Muromets and Nightingale the robber	Russian traditional	42241
Cockerel and bean seed	Russian traditional	70501
Ivan - a peasant son and a miracle yudo	Russian traditional	38518
Three Bears	Russian traditional	591070
Fox and black grouse	Russian traditional	28048
Goby-tar barrel	Russian traditional	100912
Baba Yaga and berries	Russian traditional	50514
The battle on the Kalinov bridge	Russian traditional	26945
Finist - Clear Falcon	Russian traditional	66670
Princess Nesmeyana	Russian traditional	175160
Tops and roots	Russian traditional	75063
Wintering animals	Russian traditional	50703
flying ship	Russian traditional	95542
Sister Alyonushka and brother Ivanushka	Russian traditional	49927
Golden comb cockerel	Russian traditional	58641
Zayushkina hut	Russian traditional	159499

By listening to fairy tales, children not only acquire the necessary knowledge, but also learn to build relationships in society, correlating themselves with one or another fictional character. From the experience of relationships between fairy-tale characters, the child understands that one should not unconditionally trust strangers. The most famous fairy tales for your children are presented on our site. Choose interesting fairy tales in the table below.

Why is it useful to read fairy tales?

Various plots of the fairy tale help the child to understand that the world around him can be contradictory and rather complicated. Hearing about the hero's adventures, children face virtually injustice, hypocrisy and pain. But this is how a baby learns to value love, honesty, friendship and beauty. Always having a happy ending, fairy tales help the kid to be optimistic and resist all kinds of life's troubles.

Nor should the entertainment component of fairy tales be underestimated. Listening to exciting stories has many advantages, for example, compared to watching cartoons - there is no threat to the baby's eyesight. Moreover, listening to children's fairy tales performed by parents, the baby learns many new words and learns to correctly articulate sounds. The importance of this is difficult to overestimate, because it has long been proven by scientists that nothing affects the future comprehensive development of a child as much as early speech development.

What kind of fairy tales are there for children?

Fairy tales there are different: magic - exciting the child's imagination with a riot of fantasy; household - telling about a simple Everyday life, in which magic is also possible; about animals - where the leading characters are not people, but various animals so beloved by children. A large number of such fairy tales are presented on our site. Here you can read for free what the kid will be interested in. Convenient navigation will help make the search for the desired material quick and easy.

Read annotations to give the child the right to independently choose a fairy tale, because most modern child psychologists believe that the pledge future love kids to reading lies in the freedom of choice of material. We give you and your child unlimited freedom in choosing wonderful children's fairy tales!

We were all children at one time and all, without exception, loved fairy tales. Indeed, in the world of fairy tales there is a special and extraordinary style filled with our dreams and fantasies. Without fairy tales, even the real world loses its colors, becomes mundane and boring. But where did everyone come from famous heroes? Perhaps the real Baba Yaga and the goblin once walked the earth? Let's figure it out together!

According to V. Dahl's definition, "a fairy tale is a fictional story, an unprecedented and even unrealizable story, a legend." But the New Illustrated Encyclopedia gives the following definition of a fairy tale: “it is one of the main genres of folklore, an epic, predominantly prosaic work of a magical, adventurous or everyday character with a focus on fiction”. And of course, one cannot but recall the words of our great poet: “A fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it! A lesson for good fellows! "

Ie, whatever one may say, a fairy tale-fiction ... But everything in it is extraordinary, magical and very attractive. There is an immersion in a mysterious, enchanted world, where animals speak in a human voice, where objects and trees move by themselves, where good necessarily triumphs over evil.

Each of us remembers how the Fox was punished for having tricked the Bunny out of the hut (“The Fox and the Hare”), how the stupid Wolf paid with his tail, who believed the cunning Fox at his word (“The Wolf and the Fox”), how quickly they coped with a turnip (“Turnip”), when they decided to pull it together, and even did not forget to call the Mouse, how the strong forgot about the weak in the fairy tale “Teremok” and what this led to ...

Clever, kind, correct, highly moral, inherent in fairy tales, helps to bring up the best human qualities in our children. The tale teaches the wisdom of life. And these values ​​are eternal, they form what we call - spiritual culture.

Among other things, fairy tales are invaluable in the fact that they provide an opportunity to acquaint children with the life and life of the Russian people.

What does Russian village mean? What did a tree, a forest, mean for a Russian person? And household items: dishes, clothes, shoes (some famous bast shoes are worth something!), musical instruments(balalaika, gusli). This is our opportunity to tell and show children how people lived in Russia before, how the culture of a great nation was formed, of which, by the will of fate, we, their parents, grandfathers and grandmothers became.

The Russian folk tale is also an invaluable assistant in the formation of a child's language and speech skills. Words and expressions from fairy tales with their ancient and deep meaning are laid in our minds and live in us, regardless of where we are.

Fairy tales give you the opportunity to expand your vocabulary on any topic (be it animal tales, everyday tales or magic tales). Traditional Russian repetitions, special melodiousness, rare "forgotten" by us words, proverbs and sayings, what is so rich in Russian speech: all this makes the fairy tale accessible, understandable for the child's mind, helps to remember it easily and quickly. And all this develops the imagination of children, teaches them a beautiful and harmonious speech. (Who knows, maybe those tales that they begin to invent after Russian folk tales will also someday be included in the treasury of the language).

A fairy tale is special literary genre, a story that unfolds in a timeless and extradimensional dimension. Characters such a story - fictional characters falling into difficult situations and leaving them thanks to assistants, most often endowed with magical properties. At the same time, insidious villains build various intrigues for them, but in the end, good wins. The creation of fairy tales has an ancient history.

FROM THE HISTORY OF FAIRY TALES:

Fairy tales appeared in such deep antiquity that it is very difficult to accurately determine the time of their birth. We also know little about their authors. Most likely, the tales were composed by the same peasants and shepherds who often played the role of the main characters of the story.

Has anyone wondered if there are real events behind these legends, if there were fairy-tale heroes the most ordinary people whose life and adventures could become the basis for fairy tales. Why not? For example, a goblin could be someone who has lived in the forest for a long time, lost the habit of communicating with people, but getting along well with the forest and its inhabitants. Well, Vasilisa the beauty - everything is clear here. But Koschey the Immortal looks like an old man who married a young girl.

But the situation is more interesting. Our land is located at the intersection of roads from Europe to Asia, from south to north and vice versa. That is why we lived in close connection with a number of living peoples. From the north, we were contacted by the Vikings, who were one step higher in development than us. They brought us metal and weapons, their legends and fairy tales - and we gave them clothes, shoes and food, everything that our land is rich in. From there the tale of Baba Yaga, where she was an evil old woman Heel on two bone legs, who lives in a separate hut on the edge of the forest, guards the souls of the dead and is a border point in the transition from earthly life to the afterlife. She is not particularly kind and every day creates a lot of trials and troubles for those who walk this road. That is why the heroes of our fairy tales, driven into a remote corner by their troubles, come to Baba Yaga.

They passed on fabulous stories by word of mouth, from generation to generation, changing them along the way and supplementing them with new details.

Fairy tales were told by adults and - contrary to our current understanding - not only to children, but also to adults too.

Fairy tales were taught to extricate oneself from difficult situations, to emerge from trials with honor, to conquer fear - and any fairy tale ended with a happy ending.

Some scholars believe that primitive rituals lie at the origins of the tale. The rituals themselves were forgotten - the stories were preserved as a storehouse of useful and instructive knowledge.

It's hard to say when the first fairy tale appeared. Probably, it is not possible "neither to say in a fairy tale, nor to describe with a pen." But it is known that the first tales were devoted to natural phenomena and their main characters were the Sun, Wind and the Month.

A little later, they took on a relatively human form. For example, the owner of water is Grandfather Vodyanoy, and Leshy is the owner of the forest and forest animals. It is these images that indicate that folk tales were created at a time when people humanized and animated all the elements and forces of nature.

Water

Another important aspect of beliefs primitive people, which is reflected in folk tales, is the veneration of birds and animals. Our ancestors believed that each clan and tribe comes from a specific animal, which was the patron saint of the clan (totem). That is why Voron Voronovich, Sokol or Oryol often act in Russian fairy tales.

Ancient rituals (for example, the initiation of a boy into hunters and warriors) also found expression in folk tales. It is surprising that it is with the help of fairy tales that they have come down to us in an almost primordial form. Therefore, folk tales are very interesting for historians.

FAIRY TALES AND NATIONAL CHARACTER

Fairy tales reveal everything critical parties Russian life. Fairy tales are an inexhaustible source of information about national character. Their strength lies in the fact that they not only reveal it, but also create it. In fairy tales, many individual traits of the character of a Russian person and the characteristics of his inner world and ideals are revealed.

Here is a typical dialogue (fairy tale "The Flying Ship"):

The old man asks the fool: "Where are you going?"

- "Yes, the king promised to give his daughter for the one who will make a flying ship."

- "How can you make such a ship?"

- "No, I can't!" - "So why are you going?" - "And God knows him!"

For this wonderful answer (because he is honest!), The old man helps the hero get the princess. This eternal wandering “I don’t know where”, in search of “I don’t know what,” is inherent in all Russian fairy tales, and in all Russian life as a whole.

Even in Russian fairy tales, as in the Russian people, belief in a miracle is strong.

Of course, all fairy tales in the world are based on some extraordinary events. But nowhere does the miraculous dominate the plot so much as in the Russians. It piles up, overflows the action and is always believed in, unconditionally and without a shadow of doubt.

Artist: Anastasia Stolbova

Russian fairy tales also testify to the special faith of a Russian person in the meaning of the spoken word. So, there is a separate cycle from the category of fairy tales-legends, in which the whole plot is tied to various kinds of accidentally escaped curses. It is characteristic that only Russian versions of such tales are known. V fairy tales the importance of the spoken word is also emphasized, the need to keep it: promised to marry the one who finds the arrow - must be done; if you kept your word and went to the grave of your father, you will be rewarded; made a promise to marry the one who stole the wings - keep it. All fairy tales are filled with these simple truths.

The word opens doors, turns the hut, breaks the spell. The sung song brings back the memory of the husband, who has forgotten and did not recognize his wife, the little goat with his quatrain (except him, apparently, he does not know how to say anything, otherwise he would explain what happened) saves his sister Alyonushka and himself. They believe the word, without any doubt. “I’ll be useful to you,” says some bunny, and the hero lets him go, confident (as well as the reader) that it will be so.

Heroes are often rewarded for their suffering. This topic is also especially loved by the Russian fairy tale. Often sympathies turn out to be on the side of the heroes (even more often - the heroines) not because of their special qualities or the actions they perform, but because of those life circumstances - unhappiness, orphanhood, poverty - in which they find themselves. In this case, salvation comes from outside, from nowhere, not as a result of the hero's active actions, but as the restoration of justice. Such tales are designed to foster compassion, sympathy for one's neighbor, a feeling of love for all those who suffer. How can one fail to recall the thought of FM Dostoevsky that suffering is necessary for a person, since it strengthens and purifies the soul.

The attitude of the Russian people to work reflected in fairy tales seems to be peculiar. Here is a seemingly incomprehensible tale from the point of view of ideals about Emelya the Fool.

He lay all his life on the stove, did nothing, and even did not hide the reasons, answered "I'm lazy!" to all requests for help. Once I went on the water and caught a magic pike. The continuation is well known to everyone: the pike persuaded him to let her go back into the hole, and in return for this it pledged to fulfill all Emelya's wishes. And now, "by the pike's command, by my request" a sled without a horse is taking the fool into the city, the ax chops the wood itself, and they fold into the oven, the buckets march into the house without assistance. Moreover, Emelya also got the royal daughter, also not without the intervention of magic.

The end, however, is still encouraging (for some reason it is often omitted in children's retellings): “The fool, seeing that all people are like people, and he alone was not good and stupid, wanted to become better and for this he said: by command, but at my request, if I had become such a fine fellow that I would not have the same and that I was extremely clever! " And as soon as he managed to pronounce it, then at that very moment he became so beautiful, and, moreover, clever, that everyone was amazed. "

This tale is often interpreted as a reflection of the eternal inclination of the Russian person to laziness and idleness.

She speaks, rather, about the severity of peasant labor, which gave rise to a desire to rest, which made one dream of a magic helper.

Yes, if you are lucky and you catch a miracle pike, you can happily do nothing, lie on a warm stove and think about the royal daughter. All this, of course, is also unrealistic for a peasant dreaming about it, like a stove driving through the streets, and his usual difficult daily work awaits him, but you can dream of something pleasant.

The tale also reveals one more difference between Russian culture - it lacks the sanctity of the concept of labor, that special reverent attitude, on the verge of "work for the sake of labor itself", which is characteristic, for example, of Germany or modern America. It is known, for example, that one of the most common problems among Americans is the inability to relax, to get distracted from business, to understand that nothing will happen if they go on vacation for a week. For a Russian person, there is no such problem - he knows how to relax and have fun, and he perceives work as inevitable.

The famous philosopher I. Ilyin considered such "laziness" of the Russian person to be a part of his creative, contemplative nature. “Contemplation was taught us first of all by our flat space, - wrote the Russian thinker, - our nature, with its distances and clouds, with its rivers, forests, thunderstorms and snowstorms. Hence our insatiable gaze, our daydreaming, our contemplating "laziness" (AS Pushkin), behind which the power of creative imagination is hidden. Russian contemplation was given beauty that captivated the heart, and this beauty was introduced into everything - from fabric and lace to housing and fortress buildings. " Let there be no zeal and exaltation of labor, but there is a sense of beauty, merging with nature. It also bears fruit - rich folk art, which was expressed, among other things, in the fabulous heritage.

The attitude towards wealth is unambiguous. Greed is perceived as a great vice. Poverty is a virtue.

This does not mean that there is no dream of prosperity: difficulties peasant life made me dream of a self-assembled tablecloth, of a stove, in which “goose, pig, and pies — apparently invisible! One word to say - what only the soul wants, everything is! ”, About the invisible Shmat-mind, which covers the table with food, and then cleans it, etc. And about magic castles that are built in one day, and about half a kingdom the bride received, it was also pleasant to dream on the long winter evenings.

But the heroes get wealth easily, between times, when they don't even think of it as an additional prize to a good bride or a saved wife. Those who strive for it as an end in itself are always punished and remain "at a broken trough."

Fairy Tales are poetic tales of extraordinary events and adventures featuring fictional characters. In modern Russian, the concept of the word "fairy tale" has acquired its meaning since the 17th century. Until then, the word “fable” was supposedly used in this meaning.

One of the main features of a fairy tale is that it is always based on an invented story, with a happy ending, where good triumphs over evil. The stories contain a certain hint, which enables the child to learn to recognize good and evil, to comprehend life by illustrative examples.

Children's stories read online

Reading fairy tales is one of the main and important stages on your child's path to life. Various stories make it clear that the world around us is quite contradictory and not predictable. By listening to the stories of the protagonists' adventures, children learn to value love, honesty, friendship, and kindness.

Reading fairy tales is useful not only for children. Growing up, we forget that in the end good always triumphs over evil, that all adversity is overwhelming, and the beautiful princess is waiting for her prince on a white horse. Give a little good mood and plunge into fairy world simple enough!