Sviridov Georgy Vasilievich - musical and public figure. Georgy Sviridov - musical and public figure Memory and facts

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Goals:

• Raising a love for the Fatherland in schoolchildren in the process of studying the musical heritage of G.V. Sviridov.
• Formation of spiritual and moral education of students.
• The development of a personal motivational orientation of interest in the subject.
• The introduction of innovative technologies and various forms, the interpenetration of related subjects and the integration of knowledge.

Tasks:

• to expand the understanding of the life and multifaceted work of the composer G.V. Sviridov,
• to reveal the originality of the personality and features of the musical language of the composer;
• to cultivate love for Russian music, literature, history;
• to educate the patriotic qualities of the individual;
• develop the artistic and aesthetic taste of students based on the impressions received;
• to form in schoolchildren civic responsibility and self-awareness, initiative and independence.

Equipment: presentation, musical fragments of works by G.V. Sviridov.

This year, all residents of Kursk are preparing to take part in the celebration of the 980th anniversary of our city. Kursk is the oldest Russian city, which first belonged to Kievan Rus and then to the Moscow state. Many talented people our land gave them creative heritage is the pride of Russian culture. Famous politicians and scientists, inventors and writers, artists and singers, artists and musicians lived in Kursk. A special place among them is occupied by the Honorary Citizen of Kursk, People's Artist of the USSR Georgy Vasilyevich Sviridov.

Sviridov's music is distinguished by refined simplicity, national character of song melodies. The apparent simplicity combined with new intonations, the transparency of the sound are especially valuable. The search for the composer in this direction has won deep feeling gratitude to the artist for his attention to what is the best in our national art.

Biography of Sviridov

The future composer was born in small town Fatezhe, Kursk province. His father was a postal worker and his mother was a teacher. When George was only four years old, the family was orphaned: his father died during civil war... After that, the mother and her son moved to Kursk. There Yuri (that was Sviridov's name in childhood) went to school, where his musical abilities were manifested. Then he mastered his first musical instrument- an ordinary balalaika. Sviridov took it from one of his comrades and soon learned to play by ear so that he was accepted into an amateur Russian orchestra folk instruments.

The orchestra leader, former violinist Joffe, organized concerts and musical evenings dedicated to classical composers. Playing in the orchestra, Sviridov honed his technique and never stopped dreaming of getting a musical education. In the summer of 1929, he decided to enter a music school. On entrance exam the boy was supposed to play the piano, but since he had no repertoire at that time, he played a march own composition... The commission liked him, and he was admitted to the school.

In 1932, Sviridov went to Leningrad and entered the musical college in the piano class. At that time, the future composer lived in a dormitory and, in order to feed himself, played in the evenings in the movies and in restaurants. At that time, many talented young people gathered under the roof of the first musical college: N. Bogoslovsky, I. Dzerzhinsky, V. Soloviev-Sedoy studied here. And in terms of teaching, the technical school successfully competed with the Leningrad Conservatory. Under the leadership of Yudin Sviridov, in just two months he wrote his first coursework- variations for piano. They are still famous among musicians and are used as educational material... Sviridov spent about three years in Yudin's class. During this time, he wrote many different works, but the most famous was the cycle of six romances on the verses of Pushkin. They were printed and included in the repertoire of such famous singers like S. Lemeshev and A. Pirogov. However, malnutrition and hard work undermined the health of the young man, he had to interrupt his studies and leave for some time to Kursk, to his homeland. Having gained strength and improved his health, in the summer of 1936, Sviridov entered the Leningrad Conservatory and became a laureate of the A. Lunacharsky scholarship. His first teacher there was Professor P. Ryazanov, who was replaced six months later by D. Shostakovich. Under the guidance of his new mentor, Sviridov completed work on a piano concert, which premiered during the decade Soviet music dedicated to the twentieth anniversary of the revolution, simultaneously with Shostakovich's Fifth Symphony. For Sviridov, Shostakovich became not only a teacher, but also an elder friend for life. He graduated from the conservatory in the summer of 1941. His graduation work was: First Symphony and Concerto for Strings. Such a successful graduation from the conservatory promised brilliant prospects for the young composer, but all plans were interrupted by the war. In the very first days, Sviridov was enrolled as a cadet of a military school and sent to Ufa. However, at the end of 1941 he was demobilized for health reasons. Until 1944 Sviridov lived in Novosibirsk. Like other composers, he begins to write war songs, of which, perhaps, became the most famous “ Song of the brave ” to poetry A. Surkov. In addition, he wrote music for performances, theaters evacuated to Siberia. It was then that Sviridov first had to work for musical theater and he created an operetta “ The sea spreads wide ” ... Operetta Sviridov became the first musical and dramatic work, dedicated to the war... She did not leave the stage for many years. In 1950 he settled in Moscow. He writes both serious and light music with equal ease. His works are also diverse in genres: these are symphonies and concerts, oratorios and cantatas, songs and romances.

In addition, Sviridov is the creator of an interesting musical genre which he called "musical illustration". The composer kind of tells literary work by means of music. This is, first of all, a cycle dedicated to the story

A.S. Pushkin "Snowstorm". But the main genre with which the composer never parted is song and romance. Sviridov not only writes romances to classical texts (R. Burns, A. Isahakyan), but also uses folk songs as a basis, as, for example, he did in the cantatas "Kursk Songs" and "Wooden Rus". His music is notable for its simplicity and some kind of special clarity. Perhaps that is why young musicians use many of Sviridov's compositions in their educational practice. However, Sviridov also worked in popular genres: in an operetta, in a movie, in drama theater.

Sviridov was generously awarded titles and awards:

• 1946 - USSR State Prize
• 1968 - USSR State Prize
• 1980 - USSR State Prize
• 1960 - Lenin Prize
• 1970 - awarded the title of People's Artist of the USSR
• 1975 - awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor

The civil funeral service and funeral of Georgy Sviridov took place on January 9 in Moscow. On the same day, E. Kretova wrote in the Moskovsky Komsomolets newspaper: “There was no official memorial service, this pompous brainchild of the Soviet era, prone to gigantomania, - so the widow of the composer decided. We said goodbye to Georgy Vasilyevich at home, in his apartment on Bolshaya Gruzinskaya. And this is also in Russian traditions - this is how Russian geniuses of the past were buried. People began to gather near the house on Bolshaya Gruzinskaya early. By noon, a lot of people had gathered in the apartment on the sixth floor, the floors of which were covered with spruce branches, paradoxically related to the sadness of the funeral with the feeling of winter holidays - New Year and Christmas. The modest decoration of the house, many books, music - the home of a true intellectual and a place to say goodbye to him. No theatricality - no music, no speeches, no ritual. Everything is sincere and simple. " After the funeral service in the Cathedral of Christ the Savior, the funeral of G. Sviridov took place. The body of the great composer found its last refuge at the Novodevichy cemetery. Four months later, his wife Elza Sviridova also passed away.

"Kursk is the capital of Sviridov's music."

On the occasion of the 90th anniversary of the birth of the classic, a memorial museum was opened in Kursk

G.V. Sviridov It was created as a branch of the Kursk regional local history museum and is located in the building of an old mansion, two floors of which at the beginning of the twentieth century. occupied by the postal and telegraph office, the third floor was converted into service apartments. One of them was received by V.G. Sviridov is the father of the future composer. On December 16, 1915, Georgy Sviridov was born here. The exposition area of ​​the museum is 115 sq. m.

The exposition of the museum reflects all periods of the life and work of G.V. Sviridova - childhood years spent in his native Fatezh, years of life in Kursk, Leningrad, Moscow; shown all creative way great composer. A certain flavor to the halls of the museum is given by the interior of the furniture of the early XX century, the first musical instrument of G.V. Sviridova is a Becker grand piano that appeared in the family in 1920. Rare documents, photographs, sheet music, things from the composer's desk also create a special mood.

In 2006, the bust of the composer was transferred to the museum. people's artist the USSR

M.K. Anikushin. The museum is visited by about 3,000 visitors annually. Building memorial museum composer G.V. Sviridov has the status of an architectural monument of federal significance.

In 1968, for the first time in Kursk, a music festival was held on the initiative of G.V. Sviridov himself. Then it was attended by Symphony Orchestra under the direction of K. Kondrashin, the choir chapel under the direction of A. Yurlov, soloists The Bolshoi Theater A. Vedernikov, A. Maslennikov, as well as the symphony orchestra and choir of the Kursk Musical College. On the first day of winter 1988, the 1st G.V. Sviridov Music Festival started in Kursk. The grand opening took place in the drama theater with the performance of the Kursk choir chapel under the direction of KSU professor Yevgeny Legostaev. Singer, composer's friend Alexander Vedernikov, soloists of the Bolshoi Theater, laureates of the first All-Russian Vocal Music Competition named after Sviridov, chief conductor of the Bolshoi Theater Alexander Vedernikov (junior), Honored Artist of the Russian Federation, chief conductor of the Voronezh Opera and Ballet Theater Yuri Anisichkin performed in front of the audience.

V music school passed the "Sviridov Readings". There were many events at home brilliant composer in the city of Fatege. Within the framework of the festival, a presentation of the book by G.V. Sviridov "Music as Destiny" was held. On December 16, on the birthday of the composer, the festival ended with a big final concert of the creative teams of the Philharmonic Society. Since this year, music festivals have been held regularly. Within the framework of the festival, many events are held: concerts, romance lounges, choral assemblies, scientific and practical conferences. The reports of the conference participants touch upon wide circle problems: the spiritual foundations of Russian culture, comprehension of the historical fate of Russia in the work of G.V. Sviridov, questions of the musical language, genre, style and form. Leading musicologists, young scientists, musical figures from various educational institutions in Russia and abroad take part in the discussions: the Belarusian State Academy of Music, Kharkov Humanitarian Pedagogical Institute, Sumy Higher School of Arts and Culture named after D.S.Bortyansky, St. Petersburg State Conservatory named after N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov, State Music and Pedagogical Institute named after M.M. Ippolitov-Ivanov, Rostov State Conservatory named after S.V. Rachmaninov, Krasnoyarsk Academy of Music and Theater, Ufa State Academy of Arts, Academic College of Music at Moscow State Conservatory named after PI Tchaikovsky and others. Within the framework of the conference, a demonstration of exhibition materials takes place: documents from the Kursk Regional Museum of Local Lore, works from the funds of the gallery "AYa", pupils of the Kursk Icon Painting School, the Kursk Musical College named after G.V. Sviridov. The geography of the festival participants is wide - the leading musicians of Russia and the CIS countries: People's Artist of the USSR E. Obraztsova; People's Artist A. F. Vedernikov; soloist of the Kiev National Opera and the Bolshoi Theater of Russia Taras Shtonda; "Vivaldi Orchestra" conducted by People's Artist Russia S. Bezrodnaya; Moscow Chamber Choir under the direction of People's Artist of the USSR V. Minin; ensemble of brass music "Blagovest"; Chorus Chapel of Russia named after A. Yurlov, conductor - Honored Art Worker G. Dmitriak; Brahms Trio: Natalia Rubinstein(piano), Nikolay Savchenko(violin), Kirill Rodin ( cello); Nikolay Petrov, Nadezhda Pikul and many others. The music festival is also aimed at enlightening the younger generation. Children's choirs take part in the events, children's choir assemblies and master classes by famous teachers are held. Sviridov is one of the most important events cultural life Kursk region.

Kuryans decided to perpetuate the memory of our fellow countryman, on September 23, 2005 the Monument "to the last classic ". It was installed at the intersection of Lenin and Zolotaya streets. This choice is due to historical fact... Georgy Sviridov has been to this place more than once, because in the 20s of the last century a musical college was located here, where the future famous composer studied. And the fact that the monument will be clearly visible from Lenin, Zolotoy and Mozhaevskaya streets. Appearance monument, approved by the public jury: Sviridov, thoughtfully sitting on a bench, and next to him - Muse on a high white column. The authors of this project are Kursk sculptors Nikolai Krivolapova and Igor Minin. This was the first monument to the composer and his words are engraved on it: "To sing to Russia, where the Lord gave and told me to live, rejoice and suffer."

Sviridov was very fond of poetry - this is evident from his vocal cycles. He was friends with many poets and writers: M.M. Zoshchenko and M. Dudin, S. Ya. Marshak and A.T. Tvardovsky, A.I. Solzhenitsyn, was familiar with L. Leonov and M. Sholokhov, V. Astafiev and V. Rasputin ... His apartment contains a huge library - more than 2.5 thousand books and magazines. He wrote down his reflections on life, on music on scraps of paper, in the margins of magazines - a kind of "flying" notes of his thoughts. Since 1972, the composer kept a diary, where he analyzed the works, poetry, prose he had heard, and reflected on the most intimate. From Sviridov's diary: "Music is Feeling, Sensation. Revelation. It excites thought, awakens imagination, gives rise to thoughts in the listener. Music helps to reveal innermost meaning The words. And together with the Word, they reveal the Truth of the World. "" It's not for nothing that I love literature, poetry, the word. Here I meet with Konyaev, Rasputin, I reread Klyuev - a giant poet! With a monumental folk, Christian sense of life! The thing is that the music today is not what it was in the past centuries. The religious spirit leaves her, separates from her, she is, as it were, emancipated. And today she can only live in union with the word. But - living together words and music have long been inherent in Russian culture. Our folk music is singing, both for Russians and for Belarusians and Ukrainians. Our folk songs, a whole layer! " The composer defined his creative credo as a fusion of Word and Music. Sviridov's music became classics Soviet art XX century due to its depth and harmony. The composer is called the Russian Bach. He is also unique, creatively abundant and far from being completely familiar to the listener. The brighter it appears before us. It makes it all the more interesting to get acquainted with his legacy. A wealth of topics, the cross-cutting idea of ​​which is love for the motherland, diversity musical images and characteristic style, combining the traditions of classics, folk and sacred music, are an invaluable source of instilling patriotic and civic feelings of modern schoolchildren.

Working as a teacher for over 30 years, I use the valuable that was found by the best teachers in the field of music: educational programs of D. B. Kabalevsky, V. V. Aleev, T. I. Naumenko, T. N. Kichak, E. D. Kritskaya , T.V. Nadolinskaya. I strive to find my own, special principles, methods and techniques that will help to captivate children, to interest them in music. Experience has shown that with a deep knowledge of the material by the teacher, his enthusiasm and ability to convey to students the meaning and beauty of G.V. Sviridov's music, it becomes close and dear to schoolchildren, they are saturated with its beauty and grandeur. Thanks to this, their inner world is transformed. The composer's music encourages students to think about the main values ​​of life - the fate of the Fatherland, the fate of the world, fosters in them a sense of patriotism, forms civic responsibility.

Studying the creative musical heritage of G.V. Sviridov, I came to the conclusion that it is necessary to include more works of the composer in the program "Music" for grades 1-9. Without violating the basic principles of teaching, I tried to organically insert them into the thematic content of the program. The material was distributed over the years of study in accordance with the age characteristics of young and adolescent children, taking into account the degree of difficulty in perceiving musical content.

• Grade 1: "Merry March", "Old Dance", "Before Sleep", "Waltz", "Military March".
• Grade 2: "Rain", "Sun", "Song of the Birch", "Romance".
• Grade 3: "Stubborn", "Jumping", "Winter road".
• Grade 4: "On a green lawn", "Ringlet-heart", "Chimer, white-sided".
• Grade 5: "The bells rang", "Natasha", "Spring and autumn".
• Grade 6: "My vague nightingale" "Military march".
• Grade 7: "Winter Morning", "Mary", "Waltz Echoes".
• Grade 8: choral cantata "Snow is Falling", "Pastoral", "Wedding".

(choral poem "Ladoga", vocal-choral cycle "Pushkin's wreath", "Kursk songs", musical illustrations for the story "Snowstorm" by A. Pushkin.)

The works proposed by me will contribute to the upbringing of patriotic feelings in the younger generation (love for nature, people, Motherland, Fatherland). And love for the Motherland begins with a spiritual, moral attachment to the fatherland, the parental home. To be a chicken man means to be the glorified author of The Lay of Igor's Campaign, to be a chicken man means to be a participant in the glory of our fellow countrymen and ancestors, to be a chicken man means to be proud of talents native land, to be a chicken man means to live on a beautiful land, where the Kursk nightingales sing!

Material used.

Internet resource:

1. http://www.classic-music.ru/sviridov.html
2. http://www.belcanto.ru/sviridov.html.
3. http://kursk-museum.ru/index.php/sviridov.html
4. http://www.dddkursk.ru/number/573/new/002522/
5. http://kursk.bezformata.ru/word/sviridovskie-chteniya/1354624/

Literature:

1. Music. Big encyclopedic Dictionary/ Ch. ed. G.V. Keldysh. - M .: NI "Great Russian Encyclopedia", 1998. - 672 p .: ill. - S. 488.
2. Sviridov G.V. Music as destiny / Comp., Ed. Foreword. and comments. A.S. Belonenko. - M .: Mol. Guard, 2002 .-- 798 p .: ill. - (B-ka memoirs: The Close Past; Issue 2).
3. A book about Sviridov. Reflections. Statements. Articles. Notes / Comp. A. Zolotov. - M .: Sov. composer, 1983 .-- 261 p .: ill.
4. Sokhor A. Georgy Vasilievich Sviridov: Critic-biographical sketch. - L .: State. muses. publishing house, 1956, 157 p.
5. Sokhor A. Georgy Sviridov. - M .: Sov. composer, 1972 .-- 319 p.
6. Georgy Sviridov: Collection of Art. and issled. / Comp. R.S. Ledenev. - M .: Muzyka, 1979 .-- 462 p.
7. Georgy Sviridov: Full list works (not photographic reference book). - M. - SPb: Nat. Sviridov Fund, 2001 .-- 141 p.

Sviridov G.V.

Works of Sviridov G.V. Vocal music Vocal music 6 romances to words by A. Pushkin (1935) 6 romances to words by A. Pushkin (1935) romances to words by M. Lermontov (1938) 7 romances to words by M. Lermontov (1938) 3 romances to verses by A. Blok (1941) 3 romances to verses by A. Blok (1941) 1941 Romances for voice and piano to verses by William Shakespeare () Romances for voice and piano to verses by William Shakespeare () William Shakespeare piano to the verses of A.I. Isahakyan, consists of 11 romances (1950) The vocal cycle "The Country of Fathers" for tenor, bass and piano on the verses of A.I. Isahakyan, consists of 11 romances (1950) 1950 Romances for voice and piano poems by Robert Burns in translations of Samuel Marshak (1955) Romances for voice and piano to verses by Robert Burns in translations of Samuil Marshak (1955) Robert Burns Samuel Marshak 1955 Robert Burns Samuel Marshak 1955 Vocal cycle for tenor, baritone and piano on I have a peasant father Yesenin (1956) Vocal cycle for tenor, baritone and piano "I have a peasant father" on the verses of Sergei Yesenin (1956) Sergei Yesenin 1956 Sergei Yesenin 1956 Vocal-symphonic poem "In memory of Sergei Yesenin" (1956) Vocal-symphonic poem "In memory of Sergei Yesenin ) poem by Sergei Yesenin 1956 poem by Sergei Yesenin 1956 Vocal cycle (poem) "Petersburg songs" for four singers-soloists, piano, violin and cello on verses by Alexander Blok (196169) Vocal cycle (poem) "Petersburg songs" for four singers-soloists, piano, violin and cello to verses by Alexander Blok (196169) by Alexander Blok 196169 by Alexander Blok Romance "These poor villages" for voice, piano and oboe to words by Fyodor Tyutchev (1965) Romance "These poor villages" for voice, piano and oboe to words by Fyodor Tyutchev (1965) Tyutchev 1965 Fyodora Tyutcheva 1965 Choral concert"In memory of A. A. Yurlov" for mixed choir singing without words (1973) Choir concert "In memory of A. A. Yurlov" for mixed choir, singing without words (1973) 1973 Hymns of the Motherland for choir (1978) Hymns of the Motherland for choir (1978) 10 romances to words by A. Blok ( ) 10 romances to words by A. Blok () “Ladoga”, a poem for chorus to words by A. Prokofiev (1980) “Ladoga”, a poem for chorus to words by A. Prokofiev (1980) “Songs”, a concert for choir a cappella on lyrics by Alexander Blok () "Songs", a concert for choir a cappella to words by Alexander Blok () Alexander Blok Alexander Blok "Petersburg", vocal poem (1995) "Petersburg", vocal poem (1995) "Chants and Prayers" (for choir without accompaniment) "Chants and Prayers" (for unaccompanied choir)

Works of G.V. Sviridov Music for films Music for films Musical comedy "Lights" (1951) Musical comedy "Lights" (1951) 1951 Musical comedy "The sea spreads wide" (1943) Musical comedy "The sea spreads wide" (1943) 1943 Musical illustrations for Alexander Pushkin's story "Snowstorm" (1964) Musical illustrations for Alexander Pushkin's story "Snowstorm" (1964) by Alexander Pushkin (1965) music to the movie of the same name by M. Schweitzer theme of the splash screen of the program "Time", the USSR news release at 21 o'clock. Suite "Time Forward!" (1965) music to the movie of the same name by M. Schweitzer theme of the splash screen of the program "Time", the USSR news release at 21 o'clock. SuiteTime, forward! 1965 to the movie of the same name, "Time" SuiteTime, forward! 1965 to the movie of the same name, to the program "Time" "Red Bells", suite from the soundtrack (1984). "Red Bells", suite from the soundtrack (1984). "Snowstorm", musical illustrations for the story by A.S. Pushkin () and others. "Snowstorm", musical illustrations for the story by A.S. Pushkin (), etc.

In all likelihood, a return to national tradition, not only in the sense of intonation language, but also in essence, in the sense of moral and ethical content, this is true, novelty for our time. In all likelihood, a return to the national tradition, not only in the sense of intonation language, but also in essence, in the sense of moral and ethical content, is true, novelty for our time. Sviridov V.G. Sviridov V.G.

Works of Sviridov G.V. Instrumental music Instrumental music 7 small pieces for piano () 7 small pieces for piano () Sonata for piano (1944) Sonata for piano (1944) 1944 Quintet for piano and strings (1945) Quintet for piano and strings (1945) 1945 Trio for piano, violin and cello (1945; Stalin Prize, 1946) Trio for piano, violin and cello (1945; Stalin Prize, 1946) 1945 Stalin Prize Stalin Prize 1946 Partita in E minor Partita in E minor Partita in F minor Partita in F minor Trio in A minor Trio in A minor Symphonic music Symphonic music Chamber symphony for strings (1940) Chamber symphony for strings (1940) 1940 Vocal-symphonic poem "In memory of Sergei Yesenin" (1956) Vocal-symphonic poem "In memory of Sergei Yesenin" (1956) poem by Sergei Yesenin, 1956, poem by Sergei Yesenin, 1956, poem by Sergei Yesenin, 1956 choir and symphony orchestra (1972) "Spring Cantata" for chorus and symphony orchestra (1972)

They write incorrectly about my passion for literature or that I consider literature to be the first in the hierarchy of the arts. The latter is completely nonsense. I am addicted to the word (!!!), as to the beginning of the beginnings, the innermost essence of life and the world. Literature and its own forms are quite different. Much in this (in the literature itself) is alien to me. The most effective of the arts seems to me to be a synthesis of words and music. This is what I am doing. They write incorrectly about my passion for literature or that I consider literature to be the first in the hierarchy of the arts. The latter is completely nonsense. I am addicted to the word (!!!), as to the beginning of the beginnings, the innermost essence of life and the world. Literature and its own forms are quite different. Much in this (in the literature itself) is alien to me. The most effective of the arts seems to me to be a synthesis of words and music. This is what I am doing. Sviridov G.V. Sviridov G.V.

Sviridov Georgy Vasilievich Biography Musical education The innate gift of composition Music College Leningrad Conservatory Graduation from the Conservatory Works about the War Works are varied by genre Song and romance Awards Civil funeral service Works

Georgy Vasilyevich Sviridov was born on December 3, 1915 in the small town of Fatezh, located in the Kursk steppe province. His father was a postal worker and his mother was a teacher. At the beginning of the revolution, George's father joined the Communist Party and died in 1919 during the civil war. From the age of nine, Georgy Sviridov lived in Kursk. There he began to learn to play the piano. But soon the classes stopped: much more than the piano, the young music lover was attracted by the balalaika. And he was accepted into an amateur orchestra of Russian folk instruments. Biography

The orchestra leader, former violinist Joffe, organized concerts and musical evenings dedicated to classical composers. Playing in the orchestra, Sviridov honed his technique and never stopped dreaming of getting a musical education. In the summer of 1929, he decided to enter a music school. The commission liked him, and he was admitted to the school. Musical education

V music school Sviridov became a student of V. Ufimtseva. After graduating from school, he continued his music lessons with another famous teacher - M. Krutyansky. On his advice, in 1932, Sviridov went to Leningrad and entered the musical college in the piano class, led by Professor I. Braudo. However, six months later, his teacher was convinced that Sviridov had an innate gift for composition, and achieved his transfer to the composing department of the technical school, to a class led by the famous musician M. Yudin. The innate gift of composition

At that time, many talented young people gathered under the roof of the first musical college. Under the guidance of Yudin, Sviridov wrote his first term paper in just two months - Variations for Piano. Sviridov spent about three years in Yudin's class. During this time, he wrote many different works, but the most famous was the cycle of six romances on the verses of Pushkin. Music College

However, malnutrition and hard work undermined the health of the young man, he had to interrupt his studies and leave for some time to Kursk, to his homeland. Having gained strength and improved his health, in the summer of 1936 Sviridov entered the Leningrad Conservatory and became a laureate of the A. Lunacharsky scholarship. Under the direction of Shostakovich, Sviridov completed work on a piano concert, which premiered during the decade of Soviet music dedicated to the twentieth anniversary of the revolution, simultaneously with Shostakovich's Fifth Symphony. Leningrad Conservatory

For Sviridov, Shostakovich became not only a teacher, but also an elder friend for life. Sviridov spent four years in Shostakovich's class and graduated from the conservatory in the summer of 1941. His graduation work was the First Symphony and Concerto for Strings. Such a successful graduation from the conservatory promised brilliant prospects for the young composer, he finally got the opportunity to professionally do his favorite thing. However, all these plans were interrupted by the war. Graduation from the conservatory

Writings about the War Until 1944, Sviridov lived in Novosibirsk, where the Leningrad Philharmonic Society was evacuated. Like other composers, he began to write military songs, of which the most famous was, perhaps, "The Song of the Brave" on the verses of A. Surkov. It was then that Sviridov first had to work for a musical theater, and he created the operetta "The Sea Spreads Wide", which told about the life and struggle of Baltic sailors in besieged Leningrad.

The works are varied and by genre Sviridova's operetta became the first musical and dramatic work dedicated to the war. In 1944, Sviridov returned to Leningrad, and in 1950 he settled in Moscow. Now he no longer had to prove his right to independent creativity. He writes both serious and light music with equal ease. His works are also diverse in genres: these are symphonies and concerts, oratorios and cantatas, songs and romances.

Song and Romance The main genre with which the composer never leaves is song and romance. Sviridov not only writes romances to classical texts (R. Burns, A. Isahakyan), but also uses folk songs as a basis, as, for example, he did in the cantatas "Kursk Songs" and "Wooden Rus". His music is notable for its simplicity and some kind of special clarity. However, Sviridov also worked in popular genres, for example, in the operetta ("Lights", "The sea spreads wide"), in the cinema ("Resurrection", "The Golden Calf", etc.), in the drama theater (music for the performances of A. Raikin , "Don Cesar de Bazan", etc.).

Awards Sviridov was generously marked with titles and awards in almost all authorities: he was awarded the USSR State Prizes three times (1946, 1968, 1980), the Lenin Prize in 1960, in 1970 he was awarded the title of People's Artist of the USSR, in 1975 - Hero of the Socialist Labor. The famous screen saver in the program "Time" ("Time, forward!") Was taken off the air as a sign of the "totalitarian past". However, after a few years, justice was restored.

Civil funeral The civil funeral and funeral of G. Sviridov took place on January 9 in Moscow. By noon, a lot of people had gathered in the apartment on the sixth floor, the floors of which were covered with spruce branches, paradoxically related to the sadness of the funeral with the feeling of winter holidays - New Year and Christmas. The modest decoration of the house, many books, music - the home of a true intellectual and a place to say goodbye to him. After the funeral service in the Cathedral of Christ the Savior, the funeral of G. Sviridov took place. Four months later, his wife Elza Sviridova also passed away.

Sviridov Georgy Vasilievich () - an outstanding composer, pianist, People's Artist of the USSR (1970), Hero of Socialist Labor (1975). Musical comedy "Lights" (1951), vocal-symphonic poem "In memory of Sergei Yesenin" (1956); "Pathetic Oratorio" (1959), "Kursk Songs" (1964) and "Pushkin's Wreath" (1979) for choir and orchestra, so-called. small cantatas "Wooden Rus" (1964), "Spring Cantata" (1972), choral concert "In memory of A. A. Yurlov" (1973), music for performances (including "Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich" by A. K. Tolstoy, 1973) and films. Lenin Prize (1960), USSR State Prize (1946, 1968, 1980). State Prize Russian Federation(1994). The early and late works of Sviridov differ so much that sometimes it even seems that they do not belong to the same composer. Essays

7 small pieces for piano () 6 romances to words by A. Pushkin (1935) 7 romances to words by M. Lermontov (1938) Concerto for piano and orchestra 1 () Chamber symphony for strings (1940) 3 romances to verses by A. Blok ( 1941) Concerto for piano and orchestra 2 (1942) Musical comedy "The sea is wide spread out" (1943) Sonata for piano (1944) Romances for voice and piano on verses by William Shakespeare () Quintet for piano and strings (1945) Trio for piano, violin and cello (1945; Stalin Prize, 1946) Vocal cycle "Country of the Fathers" for tenor, bass and piano on verses by A. Isahakyan, consists of 11 romances (1950) Musical comedy "Lights" (1951) Oratorio "Decembrists" to the words of Alexander Pushkin and the Decembrist poets (not finished) Romances for voice and piano to verses by Robert Burns translated by Samuil Marshak (1955) Romance for voice and piano “My father is a peasant” to verses by Sergei Yesenin (1956) Vocal and symphonic poem "In memory of Sergei Yesenin" (1956) "Pathetic Oratorio" to words by Vladimir Mayakovsky (1959, Lenin Prize, 1960) Vocal cycle (poem) "Petersburg Songs" for four solo singers, piano, violin and cello on verses by Alexander Blok (196169) Compositions

Works Music for chamber orchestra (orchestral version of the Quintet for piano and strings 1964) "Kursk Songs" for mixed choir and orchestra, folk lyrics (1964; State Prize, 1968) "Pushkin's Wreath" for choir and orchestra (1979) Musical illustrations for the story Alexander Pushkin "Snowstorm" (1964) Small cantata for choir and orchestra "Wooden Russia" on verses by Sergei Yesenin (1964) Small cantata for choir and orchestra "Snow is Coming" on verses by Boris Pasternak (1965) Small cantata for choir and orchestra “Sad Songs ”to verses by Alexander Blok (1965) Romance“ These Poor Villages ”for voice, piano and oboe to words by Fyodor Tyutchev (1965) Suite“ Time, Forward! ” (1965) - the theme of the screensaver of the program "Time", the USSR news release at 21 o'clock. "Small triptych" (1966) Music to the monument to the fallen on the Kursk Bulge (1973) "Spring cantata" for chorus and orchestra (1972) Choral concert "In memory of A. A. Yurlov" for mixed choir, singing without words (1973) Cantata " Ode to Lenin ”to words by Robert Rozhdestvensky for reader, chorus and orchestra (1976) Hymns of the Motherland for chorus (1978) 25 chorales for bass and piano ()“ Night clouds ”, cantata on words by Alexander Blok for mixed choir a cappella (1979) 10 romances to words by A. Blok () "Ladoga", a poem for choir to words by A. Prokofiev (1980) "Songs", a concert for choir a cappella to words by Alexander Blok () "Petersburg", a vocal poem (1995) "Chants and prayers "(for unaccompanied choir)

TIME GEORGE

SVIRIDOVA

“WE NEED MUSIC ...

UNDER THE TIME ".

1915 – 1998

His father was a postal worker and his mother was a teacher.

As a child, a young music lover was attracted by the balalaika. The future composer learned to play it so that he was accepted into an amateur orchestra of Russian folk instruments.

In the summer of 1929, Sviridov entered a music school. At the entrance exam, the boy played a march of his own composition on the piano. The commission liked him, and he was admitted to the school.

Becker grand piano

– the first musical instrument in the Sviridov family

FROM THE MEMORIES OF GEORGY SVIRIDOV:

“My adolescence was spent in Kursk, where I studied in comprehensive school and musical at the same time. This was in the late twenties. ... In Kursk ... there was an opera, it played the entire winter season, and in the summer an operetta was played in the city garden ... In concerts I heard Nezhdanova, Sobinov, Tsesevich! I heard the Glazunov and Vuillaume quartets, virtuoso pianists and violinists. They came to Kursk on tour. Classics sounded, and the audience was very fond of serious music ... "

From the book by R. Sheiko "Elena Obraztsova"

Ufimtseva - the first teacher of G.V. Sviridov at a music school. Communication with this sensitive and talented teacher enriched Sviridov in many ways: he learned to play the piano professionally, and fell in love with literature.

In 1932, Georgy Sviridov entered the Leningrad Music College in the piano class, led by Professor I. Braudo. Under his leadership, Sviridov very quickly improved his performing technique.

However, six months later, his teacher was convinced that Sviridov had an innate gift for composition, and achieved his transfer to the composing department of the technical school, to a class led by the famous musician M. Yudin.

Under the guidance of Mikhail Yudin, Sviridov wrote his first term paper in just two months - variations for piano ... They are still famous among musicians and are used as educational material. Sviridov spent about three years in Yudin's class. During this time, he wrote many different compositions, but became the most famous cycle of six romances on poems by Pushkin ... They were published and entered the repertoire of such famous singers as S. Lemeshev and A. Pirogov.

In the summer of 1936, Sviridov entered the Leningrad Conservatory and became a laureate of the A. Lunacharsky scholarship. His first teacher there was a professor

P. Ryazanov, who was replaced six months later by D. Shostakovich. Sviridov spent four years in Shostakovich's class and graduated from the conservatory in the summer of 1941. His graduation work was the First Symphony and Concerto for Strings.

Until 1944, Sviridov lived in Novosibirsk, where the Leningrad Philharmonic Society was evacuated. Like other composers, he began to write military songs, of which the most famous was, perhaps, "The Song of the Brave" on the verses of A. Surkov. In addition, he wrote music for performances of theaters evacuated to Siberia. It was then that Sviridov first had to work for a musical theater, and he created the operetta "The Sea Spreads Wide", which told about the life and struggle of Baltic sailors in besieged Leningrad. Sviridova's operetta became the first musical and dramatic work dedicated to the war. It was staged in several theaters and did not leave the stage for many years.

And in 1960, Sviridov's operetta became the basis for a musical television movie, which was made on Central Television.

In 1956 he settled in Moscow. The composer's works are diverse in genres:

these are symphonies and cantatas, songs and romances.

Georgy Sviridov is the creator of an interesting musical genre, which he called "musical illustration". The composer, as it were, tells a literary work by means of music. This is primarily a cycle dedicated to Pushkin's story "Snowstorm". But the main genre, with which the composer never parted, is song and romance. Sviridov not only writes romances to classical texts, but also uses folk songs as a basis, as, for example, he did in the cantatas "Kursk Songs" and "Wooden Rus". His music is notable for its simplicity and some kind of special clarity. However, Sviridov also worked in popular genres, for example, in operetta, cinema, and drama theater.

Works by G.V. Sviridov:

1949 - vocal poem "Country of the Fathers" on verses by A. Isahakyan

1954 - choral cycles "Decembrists" to the words of A. Pushkin

"Five songs about Russia" to the words of A. Blok

1955 - nine songs for bass on lyrics by R. Burns

"Poem to the memory of Sergei Yesenin"

1959 – "Pathetic oratorio" on verses by V. Mayakovsky

196 4 - vocal cycle "Kursk Songs"

1966 - cantata "Wooden Rus" on the verses of S. Yesenin,

cantata "Snowing" on verses by B. Pasternak

1972 - "Spring Cantata" on verses by N. Nekrasov

1973 – "Concert in memory of A. A. Yurlov"

1974 - soundtrack "Blizzard"

1977 - poem "Cast off Russia",

soundtrack "Time forward!"

1979 - concert for choir "Pushkin's wreath"

cantata "Night clouds" to the words of A. Blok

1980 - choral poem "Ladoga"

choral cycle "Songs of Timelessness", "Hymn to the Motherland"

1993 – "Spiritual chants and prayers"

Operettas: "Lights", "The sea is spread wide",

"The real groom"

Sviridov was generously awarded titles and awards:

In 1946, 1968, 1980 he was awarded the State Prize of the USSR,

in 1960 he was awarded the Lenin Prize,

in 1970 he was awarded the title of People's Artist of the USSR,

in 1975 - awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor.

This year, Kursk will host the traditional festival named after Sviridova

• The concert program starts on November 8
• From November 8 to December 18, the XV I Music Festival named after Georgy Sviridov will be held in Kursk and Fatezh.
• On the first day of the festival, the Bolshoi Symphony Orchestra named after I. P.I. Tchaikovsky.

• The pianist will also take part in the festival Alexander Gindin, Boys and Youth Choir of the Sveshnikov Choral School, Gomel Chamber Choir regional philharmonic... Within the framework of the festival, the presentation of the photo album "Unknown Sviridov" took place, which included materials from the archives of the famous bass of the Bolshoi Theater Alexander Filippovich Vedernikov; a chamber concert with the participation of laureates of the chamber singing competition took place in Fatezh. The Academic Choir "Masters of Choral Singing" under the direction of Lev Kontorovich... The program of the concert, which included Russian sacred music, fragments of "Pushkin's Wreath" by Sviridov, arrangements folk songs, got a full house in the hall.

The memorial museum of the composer Georgy Sviridov was opened on the occasion of the 90th anniversary of the birth of the classic. It was created as a branch of the Kursk Regional Museum of Local Lore.

The museum is located in the building of an old mansion, two floors of which at the beginning of the twentieth century. occupied by the postal and telegraph office, the third floor was converted into service apartments. One of them was received by V.G. Sviridov is the father of the future composer. On December 16, 1915, Georgy Sviridov was born here.

The exposition area of ​​the museum is 115 sq. m.

The exposition of the museum reflects all periods of the life and work of Georgy Sviridov - childhood years spent in his native Fatezh, years of life in Kursk, Leningrad, Moscow; the entire creative path of the great composer is shown. A certain flavor to the halls of the museum is given by the interior of the furniture of the early XX century, the first musical instrument of G.V. Sviridova is a Becker grand piano that appeared in the family in 1920. Rare documents, photographs, sheet music, things from the composer's desk also create a special mood.

In 2006, a bust of the composer by People's Artist of the USSR M.K. Anikushin.

The homeland of Georgy Sviridov became the venue for the All-Russian music festivals at which the famous performers and choral groups.

The building of the memorial museum of the composer G.V. Sviridov has the status of an architectural monument of federal significance.

The museum is visited by about 3,000 visitors annually.