Concern for the preservation of spiritual values. Spiritual and moral system of values ​​in ancient Russian literature. Lesson summary on orkse "spiritual values ​​of mankind. culture. religion"

Municipal budgetary educational institution Lemeshkinskaya middle comprehensive school Rudnyansky municipal district of the Volgograd region

Lesson ORKSE in 4th grade

Bondareva Olga Victorovna,

MBOU Lemeshkinskaya secondary school,

teacher primary school

Lemeshkino village, 2013.

Lesson topic: Spiritual values ​​of mankind. Culture. Religion.

Target: create conditions foracquaintance of students with world religions as the spiritual values ​​of mankind. (values ​​of human culture)

Tasks:

To form an idea of ​​culture and religion, their relationship

To develop speech, logical and associative thinking of students, to promote the development of communication skills, the ability to reasonably defend their point of view.

Foster tolerance and respect for different religious cultures

Formed UUD:

Identify your belonging to the people, country, state;

Show interest in the culture and history of their people, native country;

Distinguish basic moral and ethical concepts;

Evaluate your own and others' actions;

Evaluate (compare with the standard) the results of activities (someone else's, one's own);

Check information, find additional information using reference literature;

To perceive the text taking into account the set educational task, to find in the text the information necessary to solve it.

Keywords: culture, religion, Orthodoxy, Islam, Buddhism, Judaism.

Equipment: multimedia equipment, presentation "Culture and Religion", textbook "Fundamentals of Orthodoxy", workbooks.

Lesson Plan

Organization of students' activities.

Discussion of execution results homework.

Updating the knowledge of students.

Problem question. Commented reading of an article from a textbook.

Answering questions and completing assignments from the student manual.

Virtual tour.

Fizkultminutka.

Independent work of students.

Summarizing.

Reflection.

Homework.

DURING THE CLASSES:

I . Organization of students' activities

Greetings. Creating a positive emotional state. "Circle of Joy"

Let's stand in a circle, say hello and wish the neighbor on the right something from the bottom of our hearts.

II . Updating the knowledge of students.

The teacher repeats the words - the wishes of the children.

How to call all wishes in one word?values

Discussion of the results of homework

What are values?

How are traditions different from values?

Name something that unites us all.Motherland, Russia

Do you think values ​​have come out of nowhere or are they created by a person?

Values ​​can be material - toys, sweets... Social values ​​- friendship, honesty...Cultural values ​​- literature, painting ... These also include valuesspiritual . Spiritual values, first of all, are what is connected with religion.

III . Learning new knowledge.

Let's understand what is culture? (Problem question)

Name everything related to the word culture.

House of culture, physical education, cultivated plants, culture of behavior.

What general meaning does the word culture attach to the words in the phrase?

Human influence.

So what is culture?

Children's answers .

- "Culture is the material and spiritual values ​​created by man throughout his history."slide 3

Work with the textbook.

Read the text. Highlight the semantic parts of the text that tell about culture.

Culture combines three areas: science, art and religion.

the science

culture art

religion

People who have contributed to the development of culture have become famous.Slide 4.5.

In science, these are Archimedes, Galileo, Mendeleev, and others. In art, they are P.I. Tchaikovsky, A.S. Pushkin,N.K. Roerichand others. Each of these people made an invaluable contribution to the development of culture. The works created by them are the cultural heritage of not only our country, but also the world.

And in religion there are famous personalities. But what is religion?

- How do you understand the meaning of the word "religion"? Acquaintance with the concepts of religion, ritual.slide 6.

Teacher's story.

Religion - these are the thoughts and actions of a person who is convinced that the human mind in our world is not alone. Religions say that next to a person and even above him there is an invisible intelligent and spiritual world: God, angels, spirits... For many people, this belief becomes so deep that it determines their behavior and their culture.

People living in our country different peoples and religions, and hence in some way special cultures and beliefs. Including people who give different answers to the question of whether there is a God, and differently imagine the relationship between man and God.

For thousands of years, religion has been and remains an important factor cultural life people. Without faith, pouring out in the form of a certain religion, not a single people existed. Religion reflects the history of the people, their traditions, way of life and cultural state.

We often do not remember how many of the good things that we use first appeared. It is not known, for example, who was the first in history to bake bread, but bread is baked by all peoples. Somewhere bread is baked white and round, similar to a pancake, and somewhere black and brick-shaped, but no matter what country you come to, you will probably try the local bread. Somewhere it will seem to you almost the same as at home, somewhere unusual, some you will like more, some less - after all, they don’t argue about tastes. But in essence, bread is the same everywhere, and the customs associated with bread are the same. Probably, among all peoples, the words “to share bread with someone” mean the same thing as “to find a friend.”

There are many differences in the culture and religion of different peoples. Each nation has its own way of life, its own customs. Somewhere at the table they use a knife and a fork, somewhere they use special sticks, somewhere they build houses with flat roofs, and somewhere they use gable roofs. Culture is the main wealth of the people. Religion does not exist separately from culture and people, each nation includes something from religion into its tradition, and brings something from tradition into religion.

And do you know that in modern world There are up to 3 thousand religions.

What religions do you already know?

folk wisdom says“In countries where different religions coexist peacefully, their temples do not interfere with each other”

On the map of Russia you can see which religions coexist peacefully in our country.Slide 7

Let's go to virtual tour sacred buildings of different religions.

slide 8,9,10,11

V . Primary consolidation of knowledge. How are religions different from each other?

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Slides captions:

State concern for the preservation of spiritual values ​​Prepared by: primary school teacher Matveeva Svetlana Alexandrovna 2015 Fundamentals of the Spiritual and Moral Culture of the Peoples of Russia Grade 5

Constitution Russian Federation Article 44 1. Everyone is guaranteed the freedom of literary, artistic, scientific, technical and other forms of creativity and teaching. 2. Everyone has the right to participate in cultural life and use cultural institutions, to have access to cultural property. Everyone is obliged to take care of the preservation of the historical and cultural heritage to protect historical and cultural monuments.

Academician D.S. Likhachev said: “If a person does not like to look at least occasionally at old photographs of his parents, does not appreciate the memory of them left in the garden that they cultivated, which belonged to them, then he does not love them. If a person does not like the old streets, even if they are inferior, it means that he does not have love for his city. If a person is indifferent to the historical monuments of his country, he is, as a rule, indifferent to his country.”

Monument to Hermogenes

Opening of the monument to Hermogenes

Monument to Minin and Pozharsky

Mosques in Kazan

Buddhist temple in Chita

Buddhist temple in St. Petersburg

Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery

New Jerusalem Monastery in the Moscow Region

Verkhotursky Monastery in the Urals

Serafimo-Diveevsky Monastery

Cathedral of Christ the Savior

Museum-Reserve "Tsarskoye Selo"

Syuyumbike "Leaning Tower"

Museum of Folk Wooden Architecture Vitoslavitsy

Shiryaevo Museum Samara region

KAZAN CATHEDRAL. In the very heart of the city stands a majestic five-domed temple with a high bell tower. This is the Kazan Cathedral, one of the most beautiful and richest temples in the Volga region. The grace of God truly extends over him. After all, the cathedral remained one of the few buildings in Syzran that survived the terrible fire of 1906. The whole city was engulfed in flames, and the cathedral towered among the flames, like a martyr at the stake, with its majestic bell tower. He survived thanks to the watchman, who put out the fire that had spread to the temple in time.

SYZRAN KREMLIN. Syzran became the only city in the Samara province where its heart, the Kremlin, has been preserved. It has become more than just a symbol calling card our small homeland. The Syzran Kremlin combines two ideas - the valiant past of the city, founded to protect the outlying borders of Russia, and the truth of the Christian faith.

Cathedral of Christ the Savior Chapel of the Iberian Icon of the Mother of God Moscow Kremlin Monument to Minin and Pozharsky Spassky Gates Ivan the Great Bell Tower and Tsar Bell

The state, society and every person should take care of the preservation of spiritual values

Thank you for your attention!

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The state and law are in a complex and ambiguous interaction with culture. The term "culture" is ambiguous. The most important are the following values:

it is a historically defined level of development of society, the creative forces and abilities of a person, expressed in the types and forms of organization of life and activities of people, in their relationships, as well as in the material and spiritual values ​​\u200b\u200bcreated by them. Distinguish between material and spiritual culture, and in a narrower sense, this term refers to the sphere of the spiritual life of people;

this is the level, degree of development of any branch of knowledge or activity (political culture, legal culture, culture of speech, etc.);

is a characteristic of certain historical eras(culture ancient world etc.), peoples or nations (for example, Russian culture);

degree of social, mental and moral development someone (for example, the culture of police officers).

In the very general view culture is everything that is created by man, has a basis in the spirit of man, is the result of his creativity. Both the state and law should be attributed to such values. Moreover, the emergence of the state marked a leap in the development of culture - the transition from barbarism to civilization. The foregoing means that the state has had a particularly profound impact on culture and its development. It should be noted that the recognition of the state as a cultural value was asserted with difficulty. And here "guilty" is not only the ideas of Marxism, who saw in the state (as well as in law) only social evil, which should disappear, move, in the words of F. Engels, to the Museum of Antiquities, along with a spinning wheel and a bronze axe. Considerable "merit" in the treatment of the state belonged, for example, to religious thinkers pre-revolutionary Russia. So, N. A. Berdyaev, back in 1907, interpreted the state as one of the temptations of the devil, arguing that the human person is sacrificed to the state.
Of course, the stated assessments of the state were not accidental. They are explained by the fact that coercive force most often turned against the individual, limited and infringed on his freedom. The managerial nature of the state and its function of ensuring the integrity of society remained in the shadow. The state as a power structure acted where civil society and a developed legal system would later operate. Neither K. Marx, nor V. I. Lenin, nor N. A. Berdyaev foresaw this, history convincingly refuted their forecast about the withering away of the state.
In the second half of the XX century. in a developed civil society, the value of the state as a cultural phenomenon increases. The state is increasingly becoming a factor in the formation and protection of human freedom, the development of its material and spiritual culture. The state takes care of the education of the younger generation, promotes the development of the general and professional culture of its citizens. In addition, the state guards and protects the cultural values ​​accumulated by mankind.

The state has the greatest influence on the political culture, the bearers of which are society, parties and political leaders, citizens. The development of political culture, in turn, forms the most important prerequisite for the development and normal functioning of the political system of society, all branches of state power.

The state also takes care of the development of spiritual culture, supporting and financing libraries, museums, theaters and other cultural institutions.

Law creates optimal conditions for creativity, for creation cultural property, for the cultural development of man. For example, in Part 2 of Art. 44 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation it is written: "Everyone has the right to participate in cultural life and use cultural institutions, to have access to cultural values."

On the basis of law, a special layer of culture is formed - a legal culture, the bearers of which are society as a whole, state bodies and officials, social groups, politicians, citizens. For Russia, the development of a legal culture is actual problem, because for centuries in our country there was widespread disregard for the law, which in the Soviet period took an extreme form called legal nihilism.

An original idea, a scientific discovery, a novel or a painting can be lost forever or remain in obscurity, and then they will not have any effect on people. Imagine how impoverished humanity would be, I would not know ancient mythology, if the Egyptian pyramids had not been preserved "murals. Rublev, works. T. Shevchenko or the mysterious. Mona. Lisa. Leonardo da. Vinci, how the view would have faded. Kiev without a monument "Bogdo on. Khmelnitsky or. St. Sophia's Cathedral. Who promotes the preservation and dissemination of spiritual wealth? tour-historical and natural-scientific values. Let's start with museums" Their essence was first well revealed by the ancient Vietnamese term "bao i", which means relics "With the development of museums (now there are more than 12 thousand of them in the world) they have become not only collections of values" but thanks to their expositions, exhibitions "Excursion 1 is a serious source of replenishing the knowledge of millions of visitors.

Museums are diverse in their profile: historical (including archaeological, ethnographic, etc.), art, literary, natural history (botanical, geological, etc.), technical. In Ukraine and other countries, there are many amateur (created on a voluntary basis) museums, these are museums of the history of educational institutions, military units, enterprises.

The words "repository" and "distribution" apply to libraries as well. The oldest of them appeared many centuries before the invention of printing: in the middle of the 7th century BC, not at the court of the Assyrian king. Ashurbanipal's library was collected from "clay books" With the development of book printing, the role of libraries has constantly increased as the most important means of helping more and more people to master scientific, literary, and spiritual values. The network of libraries is huge: from small ones - personal, school, city - to the very bookshops.

The word "archive" (in translation from lat - a letter) is often associated with something very ancient and far from life. Archives, like libraries, have been known for a long time. Archives are a place where documents are stored, whether they are the most ancient or very recent. The collection of archival sources is intended for scientific research, for practical purposes. Archives are constantly replenished, because new evidence of the activities of individuals, organizations, state institutions is accumulating daily. Archives are small (for example, the archive of a factory, where documents about its employees are stored) and gigantic, through which you can explore a lot that has not yet been known, or restore the truth that has been hidden for a long time. So, thanks to archival searches, it was possible to make previously secret treaties public (for example, the secretary of Etna, a protocol signed by Molotov and Ribbentrop on the eve of the Second World War). During the restoration of ancient Ukrainian cities, destroyed by the Nazis in the years. Great. Patriotic War, data on architectural features and sizes of restored structures, cultural monuments were involved. Ancient messages stored in the archives about certain natural phenomena helped geologists of the 20th century find all kinds of mineral reserves (oil, gas, etc.). Archival certificates help citizens confirm some of their rights (for example, certificates of length of service affect the amount of pensions and pensions).

Thus, archives, libraries, museums are not only repositories; the ancient Egyptians called them "houses of life", emphasizing important role these institutions in the preservation and transmission of cultural heritage. Museums, and archives, libraries are the property of the people, they should be accessible to everyone.

The effectiveness of spiritual and practical activities carried out by museums, libraries, archives, largely depends on the "pilot" who paves the best path to knowledge for the visitor, the reader. These "pilots of obsession" are guides, librarians, archivists.

The aphorism "to look is not to see" reminds of one of the fundamental tasks of a museum worker - to teach "to see", that is, to identify the essential features of the exposition, thus obtaining the maximum information contained in it. Consider, for example, visiting art gallery. Of course, remaining one on one with the picture, everyone feels its aesthetic poured out. But often a lot remains ununderstood as a whole through poor familiarity with the subject (for example, with stories on biblical topics), due to insufficiently clear perception artistic style, its features. In such cases, the guide's explanations are very important.

In libraries, it is very difficult to orientate in the world of books; in the case of a librarian's advice, it helps to choose the right path to meet the reader's needs, to form his interests and tastes.

The largest contribution in terms of coverage of people and national significance to the dissemination of spiritual values ​​is made by the school, primarily the teacher. Let's remember wide public sense words "teacher":: this is a thinker, leads people along the path of knowledge and helps them to formulate their views, to seek and find their own life path. It is the teacher who is a living source of knowledge and skills for children and young people, the bearer of relay races and times, he distributes, passes on to new generations the most important, valuable and humanly universally significant of what has been accumulated by science, technology, art from ancient times to the present day. The teacher seeks to lay the foundations for understanding the modern system of scientific knowledge, develops, about the world, man, society.

The mass audience perceives spiritual values ​​- these are hundreds of millions of readers of newspapers and magazines, radio listeners, TV viewers, that is, those who are constantly influenced by the media (media)

Classical theatrical performances and films are an undoubted national treasure, the reproduction of which by television means introduces new generations to the art of the people of Ukraine, various foreign countries.

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Text content of presentation slides: State concern for the preservation of spiritual values ​​Prepared by: primary school teacher Svetlana Alexandrovna Matveeva 2015 Fundamentals of the Spiritual and Moral Culture of the Peoples of Russia Grade 5 The Constitution of the Russian Federation Article 44.1. Everyone is guaranteed freedom of literary, artistic, scientific, technical and other forms of creativity, teaching. 2. Everyone has the right to participate in cultural life and use cultural institutions, to access cultural values. history and culture. Academician D.S. Likhachev said: “If a person does not like to look at least occasionally at old photographs of his parents, does not appreciate the memory of them left in the garden that they cultivated, which belonged to them, then he does not love them. If a person does not like old streets, even if they are inferior, it means that he does not have love for his city. If a person is indifferent to the historical monuments of his country, he is, as a rule, indifferent to his country.” Monument to Hermogenes Opening of the monument to Hermogenes Monument to Minin and Pozharsky Kazan

Mosques in Kazan

Buddhist temple in Chita Buddhist temple in St. Petersburg Transfiguration of the Savior Monastery New Jerusalem Monastery in the Moscow region Verkhoturye Monastery in the Urals Serafimo-Diveevsky Monastery Cathedral of Christ the Savior Museum-Reserve "Tsarskoe Selo" Syuyumbike "Leaning Tower" Museum of Folk Wooden Architecture "Vitoslavitsy" Museum of Shiryaevo Samara Region Syzran
KAZAN CATHEDRAL. In the very heart of the city there is a majestic five-domed temple with a high bell tower. This is the Kazan Cathedral, one of the most beautiful and richest temples in the Volga region. The grace of God truly extends over him. After all, the cathedral remained one of the few buildings in Syzran that survived the terrible fire of 1906. The whole city was engulfed in flames, and the cathedral towered among the flames, like a martyr at the stake, with its majestic bell tower. He survived thanks to the watchman, who put out the fire that had spread to the temple in time. SYZRAN KREMLIN. Syzran has become the only city in the Samara province where its heart, the Kremlin, has been preserved. It has become not just a symbol and a visiting card of our small homeland. The Syzran Kremlin combines two ideas - the valiant past of the city, founded to protect the outlying borders of Russia, and the truth of the Christian faith. Cathedral of Christ the SaviorChapel of the Iberian Icon of the Mother of God Moscow Kremlin Monument to Minin and Pozharsky Spassky Gates Ivan the Great Bell Tower and Tsar Bell

The state, society and every person should take care of the preservation of spiritual values. Thank you for your attention! http://imigo.ru/uploads/images/cities/Moscow/Moscow-Russia-Red-Square-IMIGO.jpghttp://img.travel.ru/images2/2015/06/object246303/shutterstock_258450185.jpghttp:// p5.img.cctvpic.com/photoAlbum/source/2013/05/24/PHOT1369362955143172.jpg http://img.rg.ru/i/gallery/d9fb6318/687354d0.jpg http://www.bankgorodov.ru/ public//photos/sights/1391955759.jpg http://afisha.mosreg.ru/sites/default/files/shapka_2_1.jpghttp://www.alpindustria.ur.ru/userfiles/IMG_7348.JPGhttp://img- fotki.yandex.ru/get/9306/123408768.78/0_a2349_e8d7eae0_XXXL.jpghttp://bestmaps.ru/files/content_images/20131004132459.jpg Internet resources

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